Ultra capacitors

Carried out testing confirmed the supposition about the degradation mechanism of electrode in NiOx-carbon ultra capacitors (Figure 1). Obviously, the smaller are the dimensions of particles of conductive additive (colloidal graphite) and the more active its surface is (nickel powder), the faster oxidation processes are taking place on the surface of these particles. 

One of the applications for hydrogen is for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells. As mentioned earlier, one application is a hydrogen fuelled hybrid fuel cell / ultra-capacitor transit bus program where significant energy efficiencies can be demonstrated. Another commercial application is for fuel cell powered forklifts and other such fleet applications that requires mobile electrical power with the additional environmental benefits this system provides. Other commercial applications being developed by Canadian industry is for remote back-up power such as the telecommunications industry and for portable fuel cell systems. 

Honda uses Ballard Mark 902 cells in it FCX demonstration 78 kW fuel cell vehicle, which has power storage in an ultra-capacitor of Honda manufacture (see the 2002 press release 31247/24072 as listed on the Honda web site). 

Super capacitors, which are also called electrochemical capacitors or ultra capacitors, have far more capacity than conventional capacitors. For example, electrical double-layer capacitors have 10 100 F capacity. 

A brief timeline for the development of FCVs by Honda is summarized below. Honda initially employed various 60-85 kW Ballard stacks in their initial FCVs such as the FCX-Vl (Metal hydride, 1999), FCX-V2 (Methanol, 1999), FCX-V3 (Compressed H2,2000), FCX-V4 with ultra-capacitors (Compressed H2,2001), and the FCX (Compressed H2, 2002) vehicle that was leased in Los Angeles. 

Hybrid with ultra capacitor Hybrid with ultra capacitor Hybrid with ultra capacitor... 

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