Ubiquitin unfolding

Alonso D. O. V. and Daggett V. Molecular dynamics simulations of protein unfolding and limited refolding characterization of partially unfolded states of ubiquitin in 60 % methanol and in water. J. Mol. Biol. (1995) 247 501-520. 

Imai, Y., M. Soda, and R. Takahashi, Parkin Suppresses Unfolded Protein Stress-induced Cell Death through Its E3 Ubiquitin-protein Ligase Activity. J Biol Chem, 2000, 275(46), 35661-35664. 

J. D., Lindsey, G., and Ausio, J. Histone ubiquitination a tagging tail unfolds Bioessays 2002, 24, 166-74. 

Janknecht R, Nordheim A (1996) MAP kinase-dependent transcriptional coactivation by Elk-1 and its cofactor CBP. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 228 831-837 Jason LJ, Moore SC, Lewis JD, Lindsey G, Ausio J (2002) Histone ubiquitination a tagging tail unfolds Bioessays 24, 166-174... 

Imai, Y., Soda, M., Takahashi, R. 2000. Parkin suppresses unfolded protein stress-induced cell death through its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. J Biol Chem 275 35661-4. 

Sherman, M. Y., Goldberg, A. L. 2001. Cellular defenses against unfolded proteins a cell biologist thinks about neurodegenerative diseases. Neuron 29 15-32. Shimura, H., Hattori, N., Kubo, S., Mizuno, Y., Asakawa, S., et al. 2000. Familial Parkinson disease gene product, parkin, is a ubiquitin-protein ligase. Nat Genet 25 302-5. 

The binding of ubiquitinylated substrates requires the 19S complex of the proteasome, which possesses a ubiquitin binding site and several ATPase sites. It is assumed that the recognition and ATP-dependent unfolding of the substrate protein occurs within the 19S complex. 

While chaperonins assist proteins to fold correctly proteasomes destroy unfolded chains by partial hydrolysis, cutting the chains into a random assortment of pieces from 3 to 30 residues in length with an average length of 8 residues/ Proteasomes destroy not only unfolded and improperly folded proteins but also proteins marked for destruction by the ubiquitin system described in Box 10-C. It has been hard to locate true proteosomes in most bacteria. However, they do contain protease particles with similar characteristics2-1 and archaeons, such as Thermoplasma acidophilum, have proteasomes similar to those of eukaryotes.cc... 

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