Ubiquitin crystal structure

The Crystal Structure of MoaD Reveals the Ubiquitin Fold 23... 

The crystal structure of MPT synthase and the simultaneously determined NMR structure of the MoaD-related ThiS protein involved in thiamine biosynthesis [37] unambiguously demonstrated the evolutionary relationship between a subset of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of S-containing cofactors (e.g. Moco, thiamine and certain EeS-clusters) and the process of ubiquitin activation. MoaD displays significant structural homology to human ubiquitin (Figure 3.3B and C), resulting in a superposition with a root mean square (rms) deviation of 3.6 A for 68 equivalent Ca atoms out of 76 residues in ubiquitin. The key secondary structure... 

Rudolph, M. J., Wuebbens, M. M., Rajagopalan, K. V., and Schindelin, H. Crystal structure of molybdopterin synthase and its evolutionary relationship to ubiquitin activation,... 

Rao-Naik, C., delaCruz, W., Laplaza, J. M., Tan, S., Callis, J., and Fisher, A. J. The rub family of ubiquitin-like proteins. Crystal structure of Arabidopsis rubl and expression of multiple rubs in Arabidopsis, J Biol Chem 1998, 273, 34976-34982. 

Cook, W. J., Jeffrey, L. C., Xu, Y., and Chau, V. Tertiary structures of class 1 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes are highly conserved crystal structure of yeast Ubc4. Biochemistry 1993, 32, 13809-17. 

A., Bernards, R., and Sixma, T. K. Crystal structure of murine/human Ubc9 provides insight into the variability of the ubiquitin-conjugating system. J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272, 21381-87. 

W., Glover, J. N., and Ellison, M. J. Crystal structure of the human ubiquitin conjugating enzyme complex, hMms2-hUbcl3. Nature Struct. Biol. 2001, 8, 669—73. 

Fig. 7.12. Crystal structures of the Mms2/ UbclS (left) and the RanCAPl-Ubc9 (right) complexes. The proposed binding site for the acceptor ubiquitin in the Mms2/Ubcl3...

Proteasome inhibitors have been instrumental in identifying numerous protein substrates and in elucidating the importance of the proteasome/ubiquitin pathway in many biological processes. Initially, non-specific cell-penetrating peptide aldehydes were used for this purpose. More recently, it became possible to synthesize compounds with increased potency and selectivity (Adams et al. 1998 Elofsson et al. 1999). Furthermore, based on the crystal structure of the yeast and bovine liver CP (Groll et al. 1997 Unno et al. 2002), molecular modeling can now be used to engineer improved inhibitors. 

In proteins, it is reported that 3J(Ca,HN) and 3J(Ca,Ca) not only depend on but also on the torsion angle, behaviour which is referred to as non-Karplus-type dependence 356,357 (see [39]). An empirical Karplus equation was obtained by Bax et al.35S for 3J(C, Cp) in ubiquitin using experimental couplings and backbone angles taken from its crystal structure,... 

Love SG, Muir TW, Ramage R, Shaw KT, Alexeev D, Sawyer L, Kelly SM, Price NC, Arnolds JE, Me MP, and Mayer ly. Synthetic, Structural and Biological Studies of the Ubiquitin System Synthesis and Crystal Structure on an Analogue Containing Unnatural Amino Acids. Biochem J 1997 323 727-734. 

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