Turbulent combustion models

R. Borghi, Turbulent Combustion Modeling Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 14, No. 4, Pergamon Press, Ehnsford, N.Y., 1988, pp. 

Although the status of many 3D codes makes it possible to carry out detailed scenario calculations, further work is needed. This is particularly so for 1) development and verification of the porosity/distributed resistance model for explosion propagation in high density obstacle fields 2) improvement of the turbulent combustion model, and 3) development of a model for deflagration to detonation transition. More data are needed to enable verification of the model in high density geometries. This is particularly needed for onshore process plant geometries. 

Bakke, J. R., and B. H. Hjertager. 1986a. Quasi-laminar/turbulent combustion modeling, real cloud generation and boundary conditions in the FLACS-ICE code. CMI No. 865402-2. Chr. Michelsen Institute, 1986. Also in Bakke s Ph.D. thesis Numerical simulation of gas explosions in two-dimensional geometries. University of Bergen, Bergen, 1986. 

R. Borghi 1988, Turbulent combustion modelling. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 14(4) 245-292. 

Vervisch, L., R. Hauguel, R. Domingo, and M. Rullaud, Three facets of turbulent combustion modelling DNS of premixed V-flame, LES of lifted nonpremixed flame and RANS of jet flame. /. Turbulence, 2004. 5(4) 004. 

Some characteristics of edge-flames are identified by S.H. Chung in Chapter 4.3. Flames with edges occur in many forms. A thorough understanding of this subject is essential for turbulent combustion modeling. 

Turbulent combustion modelling. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 14, 245-292. 

Haworth, D. C. (2001). Application of turbulent combustion modeling. In J. P. A. J. van Beeck, L. Vervisch, and D. Veynante (eds.), Turbulence and Combustion, Lecture Series 2001-03. Rhode-Saint-Genese, Belgium Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics. 

Veynante, D. and L. Vervisch (2002). Turbulent combustion modeling. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 28, 193-266. 

The present research has treated important parts of the modeling of combustion and NOx formation in a biomass grate furnace. All parts resulted in useful approaches. For all these approaches successful first steps were taken. Currently, more research is underway to obtain improved results NH3 production is measured in the grid reactor with the tunable diode laser, detailed kinetics will be attached to the front propagation model, including the measured NH3 release functionalities, and for the turbulent combustion model heat losses are taken into account. In addition, the fuel layer model has to be coupled to the turbulent combustion model in the furnace. 

Borghi, R. 1988. Turbulent combustion modeling. Progress Energy Combustion Science 14 245-92. 

Priddin, C. H. 1991. Turbulent combustion modeling — a review. In Advances in turbulence 3. Eds. A. V. Johansson and P. H. Alfredsson. Berlin Springer-Verlag. 279-99. 

Pope, S.B. 1997. Turbulence combustion modeling Fluctuations and chemistry. In Advanced computation and analysis of combustion. Eds. G. D. Roy, S. M. Frolov, and P. Givi. Moscow, Russia ENAS Publ. 310-20. 

The three main numerical approaches used in turbulence combustion modeling are Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) where all turbulent scales are modeled, direct numerical simulations (DNS) where all scales are resolved and large eddy simulations (LES) where larger scales are explicitly computed whereas the effects of smaller ones are modeled ... 

Veynante, D., and Vervisch, L. "Turbulent Combustion Modeling." Progress in Energy Combustion Science 28 (2002) 193-266. 

Direct numerical simulations (DNS) have changed turbulent combustion modeling. The chemical reacting flows conservation equations are solved without any turbulence model. 

Lilley [7], The discussion here is limited primarily to the fluid dynamics aspects and aimed at alternative fuels with different physical and chemical properties than conventional fossil fuels. Here, the following three flow domains are of particnlar importance and can be distinguished in any multiphase combustion system flowfields connected with injection of fuel and air, flow regions dominated by free convection currents located far away from burners, and flow along the cooled walls of the combustion zone. Extensive reviews of the application of the classical turbulent combustion modeling methods have been presented for fossil fuels. For alternative fuels, it has been pointed out that there are major differences in the combustion of coal-derived liquids and shale oil in gas turbine combustors. Texts include Bartok and Sarofim [10] and Keating [11]. 

Goussis, D.A., Maas, U. Model reduction for combustion chemistry. In Echekld, T., Mastorakos, E. (eds.) Turbulent Combustion Modeling, pp. 193-220. Springer, New York (2011)... 

Bilgari, A., Sutherland, J.C. A filter-independent model identification technique for turbulent combustion modeling. Combust. Flame 159, 1960-1970 (2012)... 

In particular, Bradley and co-authors [40-45] have collected more than 1,600 experimental data sets on 5t, normalized to the laminar burning velocity The data interrelate Sj/Su with the curvature factor that includes the effective mean-square normalized pulsation velocity u /Sj in cold premixed gases and the Karlovitz factor K multiplied by the Lewis number Le. The diagrammatic presentation of the aforementioned data shows the Re/Le parameter effect, where Re is the turbulent Reynolds number. These experimental data are the source for verification of turbulent combustion models including a laminar flamelet approach [46, 47]. 

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