Turbocharger wheels

The disadvantage of ion implantation is that the ion beam runs straight in ordinary processing, so it is inefficient to apply to objects with curved surfaces or complex shapes, even by combining rotation or use of multi-ion sources. However, it is noteworthy that plasma-based ion implantation (Zhu et al, 2002) was tried and F ions were implanted to a model turbocharger wheel. The oxidation resistance obtained was the same as that for the flat plate of the same material. Research is being carried out to apply this method to metal ions. 

Turbochargers use the expansion of exhaust gas to pump combustion air to an engine. Exhaust gas is directed through a set of nozzles to drive a turbine wheel. Directly connected to the exhaust turbine is an air compressor turbine that delivers combustion air to the power cylinders. Thus, back-pressure is put on the engine exhaust, reducing power slightly, but the net effect of the increase in air mass flow available for combustion i.s to increase horsepower. 

Some examples of high-tech turbocharger are bi-inlet and variant blades turbines. Westin, exhibited turbine with variable geometry improves turbocharger efficacy up to 60 percent, whereas, twin-entry turbines increases up to 24 percent [8]. Utilizing a turbine with variable geometry decreases 18 percent diameter of turbine wheels, on the other hand it increases efficiency and outlet power. Adaptation of engine with imstable performance nature and turbine and compressor with stable performance nature requires to use accurate control... 

The success of Pelton wheels and reverse rutming pumps encouraged pump companies to seek innovations that would improve the economy and applicability of energy recovery technology. The turbocharger was developed as a stand-alone device, not connected to... 

The flow scheme for a typical isobaric energy recovery system is quite different from Pelton wheels or turbochargers and is shown in Figure 4.9. The isobaric energy recovery device is not connected to the high-pressure pump/motor assembly. Additionally, the... 

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