Tuberculin test

Type IV reactions are mediated by T cells themselves. Delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions from positive tuberculin tests to contact dermatitis are typical type IV reactions, but understanding T-cell function allows us to further define this category, as shown in Table 51-1. 

Adapted from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Targeted tuberculin testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. MMWR 2000 49(RR-6) 31. 

Rosenberg T, Manfreda J, Hershfield ES. Two-step tuberculin testing in staff and residents of a nursing home. Am Rev Resp Dis 1993 148 1537-1540. 

Like the common cold and influenza, it is a social disease, since the bacillus is transmitted by droplets carried through the air and in infected sputum. Carriers of the bacillus are generally unaware of its presence and show no symptoms of overt tuberculosis. They may, however, be identified by the tuberculin test, invented by Robert Koch in 1890. This involves impregnation of the skin with a small amount of heat-inactivated bacillus and observing the formation of a classic immune response. 

Pulmonary function tests Tilt-table testing TORCH test Tuberculin test Urine flow studies... 

The beBt means for the prevention of contamination of milk with Bact. tuberculosis is the frequent tuberculin testing of herds. Prevention of infection of milk with typhoid organisms, diphtheria organisms and the human pathogens in general is accomplished by constant care in making sure ihat attendants are not carriers of... 

I. Testing and general inspection of animals. This eliminates from milk, disease germs which may be carried by the cow. The tuberculin test is tbe most important of these tests. 

A high bacterial content in ice cream indicates dirty methods or utensils or ice cream stored too long. It has been said that about 25% of the market ice cream contains the germs of tuberculosis. These are not killed in ice cream. Therefore ice cream should be made of cream from tuberculin tested cows or from freshly pasteurized cream. 

Household contacts and other close associates of patients with tuberculosis who have negative tuberculin tests should receive isoniazid for at least 6 months after the contact has been broken, regardless of age. This is especially important for children. If the PPD test becomes positive, therapy should be continued for 12 months. 

Lepromin skin test Test used to detect Hansen s disease (leprosy), similar to the tuberculin test. 

In vitro, blood monocytes of patients suffering from sarcoidosis incorporate more 3H-cytidine into their nuclei than do monocytes from healthy persons with a positive tuberculin test (M.Schmidt et al. 1970). In pulmonary sarcoidosis, the patent cap-... 

Haematology DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and total hydrophilic antioxidant capacity in the plasma from 19 TB patients and healthy tuberculin test-positive controls were evaluated by single-cell gel electrophoresis and inducible isoform Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) expression measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Compared to controls, pulmonary TB patients under treatment presented with increased DNA damage and increased antioxidant capacity, which diminished during treatment. TB patients showed lower iNOS expression, but expression tended to increase during treatment [36 ]. 

PPD Purified protein derivative (tuberculin test). HLA Human leukocyte antigen. 

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