Trogoderma

The optically active Trogoderma -pheromones ( )- and (Z)-24have been synthesized starting from (5)-citronellol and 4-pentynoic acid [192], Alkatrienes 25, sex attractants of Lepidoptera, were prepared by mixed Kolbe electrolysis with linolenoic acid [193], 26, the pheromone of the German cockroach Blattela Germanica has been prepared from 3-methylheneicosanoic acid [194], ( ) — Tuberculostearic acid (27) has been... 

Trogoderma variabile are small (0.3-0.6 cm in length), oval-shaped beetles that are dark in color with varying levels of yellowish banding on the elytra. 

Nair, K. and Desai, A. 1973. The termination of diapause in Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera, Dermestidae). J. Stored Prod. Res. 8, 275-290. 

Shapas, T.J., Burkholder, W.E., and Boush, G.M. 1977. Population suppression of Trogoderma glabrum by using pheromone luring for protozoan pathogen dissemination. J. Econ. Entomol. 70, 469-474. 

Wright, E.J., Sinclair, E.A., and Annis, P.C. 2002. Laboratory determination of the requirements for control of Trogoderma variabile (Coleoptera Dermestidae) by heat. J. Stored Prod. Res. 38, 147-155. 

Some of the chiral acetylenic alcohols (98) were successfully converted to y-ethyl-y-butyrolactones, insect pheromones of Trogoderma. In addition, they are important intermediates for the synthesis of products with antibacterial activity113>. 

K Mori, H Mori, H. Sugai. Biochemical preparation of both the enantiomers of methyl-3-hydroxypentanoate and their conversion to the enantiomers of4-hexanol-ide, the pheromone of Trogoderma glabrum. Tetrahedron 41 919-925, 1985. 

Stanic V., Zlotkin E. and Shulov A. (1970) Localization of pheromone excretion in the female of Trogoderma granarium (Dermestidae). Ent. Exp. Appl. 13, 342-351. 

A8 Rhiptortus, bugs 313 A9 Trogoderma, A10, A11 long-horned beetles 315 316... 

The evidence for copulation release activity has been demonstrated with several insects Costelytra zealandica Trogoderma glabrum Llmonius canus Tribollum confusum Tenebrlo molitor, and Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (4). However, erectin of C. chlnensis was the first to be identified, and it is involved only in copulation release activity. 

The alkynyl alcohols are successfully converted to y-ethyl-y-butyrolactone, an insect pheromone of Trogoderma, and (R)-5-octyI-2[5H]-furanone, an important synthetic intermediate for the synthesis of naturally occurring avenaciolide (Scheme 4)... 

Tribolium confusum Jacqueline du Val Trogoderma granarium Everts confused flour beetle khapra beetle adult larva, adult FI, GR, T T9, 60... 

The protozoans, Mattesia trogodermae and Nosema whitei, have been used against Trogoderma glabrum (Shapas et al., 1977) and Tribolium castaneum (Milner, 1972) respectively, while the fungus, Beauveria bassiana has been applied against Sitophilus spp. and Tribolium spp. (Thuy et al., 1995). 

Cross, J.H., Byler, R.C., Cassidy, R.F. Jr, Silverstein, R.M., Greenblatt, R.E., Burkholder, W.E., Levinson, A.R. and Levinson, H.Z. (1976) Porapak-Q collection of pheromone components and isolation of (Z)- and (E)-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal, potent sex attracting components, from the frass of four species of Trogoderma (Coleoptera Dermestidae). Journal of Chemical Ecology 2, 457-468. 

Siddig, S.A. (1980) Efficacy and persistence of powdered neem seeds for treatment of stored wheat against Trogoderma granarium. In Proceedings of the 1st International... 

The Khapra beetle, Trogoderma granrium [169], cannot convert dietary phytosterols to C27-sterol. However, there is an increase in the concentration of cholesterol and campesterol in its tissues relative to the dietary concentrations of these sterols, presumably as a result of selective uptake [170]. 

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