Trogamid Blends

Studies of the free volume in blends of an amorphous polyamide (Trogamid) with three additives, namely of 4,4 -(hexafluoroisopropaniUdene) diphenol (HFBA), 1,5-dyhydroxynaphthaline (Ndiol) and poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVPh), each of which can act as an antiplasticizer, have been performed by monitoring CO2 transport 

The miscibility of PMMA with bisphenol chloral polycarbonate (BCPC) has been studied using gas-permeation experiments [99]. Gas permeability coefficients for 

CH4 and CO2 are lower than those calculated from the semi-logarithmic additivity rule, indicating that PMMA is miscible with BCPC over the whole blend composition range. These permeation results can be interpreted in terms of the free volume contraction which has been proposed to describe gas transport behavior in polymer mixtures. Similar observations for the miscible blends of polycarbonate with a copolyester formed from 1,4-cydohexanedimetha-nol and a mixture of terephthalic and isophthaUc adds have been made using CO2 [100]. Negative deviations of both permeability and diffusion coeffidents from simple additivity relations have been observed, and interpreted qualitatively to have resulted from the decrease in volume when the blends were mixed. 

The aim of this chapter was to provide a comprehensive review of the type of water sorption and solvent sorption behavior that can be expected from miscible or immisdble, but compatible, polymer blends. It was concluded that miscibility depends on the molecular stmctures of the polymers, their morphologies and the blend composition, as well as the processes of the blends. Several blends also exist which, despite intermolecular hydrogen bonding, do not form thermodynamically homogeneous blends due to the stiffness and self-association of the polymer chains. 

1 Flory, P.J. (1953) Chapter 12, in Principles of Polymer Chemistry, Cornell University Press, Ithaca. 

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Nylon staple Nylon trogamid Nylon-wool blends Nypel... 

There is a great diversity of amorphous aromatic or semi-aromatic polyamides (PARA). The commercial resins include Trogamid , Quiana , Amodel , etc. They have been blended to improve the mechanical properties and impact strength, as well as to enhance the barrier properties of the matrix resin to permeation by gases or liquids. Examples of blends with PARA are listed in Table 1.75. Blends of PARA were also discussed along other blends of polyamides. 

Blends from sulfonated PEEK and PEI Ultem or PA Trogamid P... 

Figure6.22 Viscosity data on LCP(Vectra)/amorphous polyamide(Trogamid T) blends demonstrating the dramatic viscosity reduction with addition of liquid crystalline polymers to non-liquid crystalline polymers (reproduced (replotted) from Siegmann, A., Dagan, A. and Kenig, S., Po/ym. (1985) 26, p. 1325, with permission from Elsevier)...

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