Trihydroxystearic acid

Cutins - the hard outer layer in many fruit skins -are polymers of C16 and Cis hydroxy acids among which some of the Cis acids also contain a cis epoxy group (Section 2.11). These are intermediates in the biosynthesis of 9,10,18-trihydroxystearic acid from... 

Cutin is composed chiefly of a C16 and/or a Cis family of monomers (Fig. 4.2). The usual components of the former are palmitic acid, 16-hydroxypalmitic acid, and 10,16-dihy-droxypalmitic and/or its positional isomers in which the midchain hydroxyl group is at C9, Cs, or C7. Monomers that could be derived from the above acids by further oxidation or reduction also have been found in cutin from some plants. The C18 family consists of stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, 18-hydroxyoleic acid, 18-hydroxy-9,10-epoxystearic acid, and 9,10,18-trihydroxystearic acid together with their A-12 unsaturated analogs. Members of the Cie family are the dominant components of the cutin of fast-growing plants, whereas the cutin of slower-growing plants with a thicker cuticle consists of a mixture of C16 and C18 monomers (Harwood, 1980). 

Croteau R, Kolattukudy P E 1975 Biosynthesis of hydroxy fatty acid polymers. Enzymatic hydration of 18-hydroxy-cis-9,10-epoxystearic acid to threo-9,10,18-trihydroxystearic acid by a particulate preparation from apple Malus pumila). Arch Biochem Biophys 170 73 - 81... 

Kolattukudy P E, Walton T J, Kushwaha R P S 1973 Biosynthesis of the Cjg family of cutin acids cu-hydroxyoleic acid, o>-hydroxy-9,10-epoxystearic acid, 9,10,18-trihydroxystearic acid, and the J -unsaturated analogs. Biochemistry 12 4488-4498... 

Trichloroethoxycarbonyl group, use as protective group, 294 Tricosanoic acid, 1,169,350 Tridecanoic acid, 1,350,351 Tridocosahexaenoin, 133 Triesters in waxes, 143 Triglycerides, see Triacylglycerols Trihydroxystearic acids, 21, 462 Trilaurin, 369, 372, 373, 375 Trimargarin, 368... 

Hydroxy acids are found naturally in relatively large numbers, but mostly as minor fatty adds. An example of a saturated hydroxy acid is (- -)-(S)-ll-hydroxyhexadeconoic add, known as jalapinohc add (3-28). The unsaturated hydroxy acid (9Z,12S)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic add, or ridnoleic acid (3-29), is the best known representative of the series of (-l-)-D-acids. It is accompanied by 9,10-dihydroxy- and 9,10,12-trihydroxystearic adds, which can also be found in some edible fats as secondary oxidation products. 

Chem. Descrip. Glyceryl trihydroxystearate CAS 13944-6 EINECS/ELINCS 205-364-6 Uses Thickener, emulsifier, coemulsifier, and emollient for cosmetics Preperties Acid no. < 4 iodine no. < 5 sapon. no. 170-190 Rolfor 125/5 [Cesalpinia]... 

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