Tribological effects

The surface characteristics of materials dominate the performance of the final products in many applications. For instance the mechanical behavior of composite materials are strongly dependent on the nature of the fiber/matrix interface, the lubricant properties are influenced by surface tribological effects, the success of bio-implants is mostly determined by biocompatibility, etc. 

Heat. Heat is the third major component of tribological effects, easily examined by rubbing one s hands together briskly, first dry and then wet. The heat produced through friction can be intense, leading to dimensional changes that in turn aggravate both friction and abrasion and perhaps lead to the failure of the mechanism. 

Tribological effects can have both positive and negative effects, both of which are crucial to the functioning of modern machinery. The applied science of tribology is a multi-aspect study that seeks first to identify the genesis of tribological effects. It then seeks to identify the ways in which negative effects can be reduced or eliminated and positive effects used or enhanced. 

The calculation of the temperature in the contact area provides a basis for a classification of the load conditions in terms of their thermal and tribological effect, a practically applicable estimation of service life and a design procedure based on numerical simulation rather than on testing. Thus, a reduction of development efforts will be possible. 

Computation of the friction surface temperatures can thus allow assessment of tribological stresses with regard to their thermal or their general tribological effect. It also allows us to estimate service life in a more practical manner test-rig experiments can be replaced by simulations, thus ultimately allowing the reduction of development costs. 

A novel variant on ambient grinding technologies was described by Asadauskas and co-workers [15] at the Tire Technology 2014 event in Cologne. In this high-shear process, both mechanochemically effective and tribologically effective additives are employed. These additives are claimed to provide the following twin benefits ... 

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