Triacylglycerol glycerol-3-phosphate

Fatty acyl-CoAs and glycerol-3-phosphate are the primary precursors to triacylglycerols. Glycerol-3-phosphate can be made by... 

PA is the precursor of many other phosphoglycerides. The steps in its synthesis from glycerol phosphate and two fatty acyl CoAs were illustrated in Figure 16.14, p. 187, in which PA is shown as a precursor of triacylglycerol. [Note Essentially all cells except mature ery-. throcytes can synthesize phospholipids, whereas triacylglycerol synthesis occurs essentially only in liver, adipose tissue, lactating mammary glands, and intestinal mucosal cells.]... 

The major pathways for triacylglycerol synthesis are shown in Fig. 11.17. The formation of phos-phatidic acid by the glycerol phosphate pathway or the dihydroxyacetone phosphate pathway has already been discussed (Section 11.2.11). In addition, see reviews by Gurr (1980) and O Doherty (1978). Phosphatidic add can also be formed from... 

Glycerol arising from the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols can be phosphorylated and oxidized to dihydroxyacetone phosphate. In triacylglycerol synthesis (section 5.6.1.2), most glycerol phosphate is formed from dihydroxyacetone phosphate. 

Figure 4.13 The flow of substrates into and out of the adipocyte. EFA = essential fatty acids EIC = eicosanoids NEFA = non-esterified fatty acids TAG = triacylglycerols GP = glycerol phosphate... 

Triacylglycerols arise not by acylation of glycerol itself but by a sequence of steps m which the first stage is acyl transfer to l glycerol 3 phosphate (from reduction of dihy droxyacetone 3 phosphate formed as described m Section 25 21) The product of this stage IS called a phosphatidic acid... 

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