Trapezius muscle

Cardiovascular depression is a well-documented complication of thiopental. However, the plasma concentrations necessary to produce loss of comeal reflex and trapezius muscle tone were only minimally depressant to the heart... 

In vivo magnetic resonance imaging and relaxometry of a porous hydrogel implanted in the trapezius muscle of rabbits was studied. 

Hagg, G., Astrom, A. (1997). Load pattern and pressure pain threshold in the upper trapezius muscle and psychosocial factors in medical sercetaries with and without shoulder /neck disorders. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 69,423-432. 

Kadefors, R., Forsman, M., Zoega, B., Herberts, P(1999). Recruitment oflow threshold motor-units in the trapezius muscle in different static arm positions. 

Larsson, B., Libelius, R., Ohlsson, K. (1992). Trapezius muscle changes unrelated to static work load. Chemical and morphologic controlled studies of 22 women with and without neck pain. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica, 63, 203-206. 

Worsted, M., Eken, T, Westgaard, R. H. (1996). Activity of single motor units in attention-demanding tasks Firing pattern in the human trapezius muscle. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 72, 323-329. 

Another venous lead implantation approach of historical interest is the jugular vein. The first method to acces the vein was nonpercutaneous, in which two incisions are required. The first skin incision, performed above the clavicle between the posterior rim of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the anterior rim of the trapezius muscle, is necessary to reach the external jugular vein or, extended forward, the carotid sheath wherein internal jugular vein is present. A second infraclavicu-lar incision is then necessary to fashion the pocket over the pectoral muscle. Only the latter is required for the percutaneous approach, but regardless of the method used, in both cases, the lead must be tunneled to the pocket (usually over the clavicle). These techniques have been abandoned due to frequent complications related to lead failure. Outside the vein, the lead must run at an acute angle to reach the pocket, which is the reason for the recurrent lead fracture related to this venous approach. However, this is probably the better approach in case of lead extraction. 

The first study from Table 1, Falla and Farina (2005) conducted the experiment to investigate muscle fiber Conduction Velocity (CV) compared among a group of nineteen upper trapezius muscle patients and nine healthy controls. The EMG signals were measured bilaterally by linear adhesive arrays of four electrodes (bar electrodes, 5x1 mm size, 10 mm apart) packed with a semi-disposable adhesive, separating surface EMG electrodes from subjects skin with small cavity filled with 20-30 xL of conductive gel. 

A, H. K, R. 2006. EMG amplitude distribution changes over the upper trapezius muscle are similar in sustained and ramp contractions. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 186(2), 159 8. 

BU, K., NP, S., DF, S. HC, S. 2000. Surface EMG mapping of the human trapezius muscle the topography of monopolar and bipolar surface EMG amplitude and spectrum parameters at varied forces and in fatigue. Clin Neurophysiol, 111, 686 93. 

Falla, D. Farina, D. 2005. Muscle fiber conduction velodty of the upper trapezius muscle during dynamic contraction of the upper limb in patients with chronic neck pain. Pain, 116, 138 145. 

Falla, D., Farina, D. Graven-Nielsen, T. 2007. Spatial dependenqr of trapezius muscle activity during repetitive shotdder flexio. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 17,299-306. 

ABSTRACT The burden of work-related musculoskeletal disorders is increasing. The prevalence of these disorders among health care providers is very high. Physiotherapists are at risk of developing acute or cumulative injuries and little research has been done on the occupational demands of this profession. The aim of the research is to analyze the effect of a passive mobilization technique in the skin temperature of the upper trapezius muscle. Four final year students of a physiotherapy graduation course were recruited and a passive mobilization task was simulated and assessed with thermal imaging. The mobilization task increased skin temperature of the dominant side and affected thermal symmetry in all participants. 

Immediately after the mobilization task, skin temperature in the dominant upper trapezius muscle area decreased in two subjects, remain the same in one subject and increased in one subject. Five minutes after the mobilization task, skin temperature had increased in all subjects for at least 0.6°C (Table 1). 

In the non dominant upper trapezius muscle area, skin temperature decreased in all subjects immediately after the mobilization task. Five minutes after, skin temperature was lower than baseline in three subjects and 0.3°C higher in one subject only (Table 2). 

Neck and shoulder discomfort is particularly prevalent in work tasks requiring highly repetitive finger, hand or arm movements, as well as work with high visual demands, like the computer use (Nakata et al., 1993, Madeleine, 2010, Szeto et al., 2005, Thom et al., 2007, Levanon et al., 2012). The overload of the upper trapezius muscle has been identified as potential risk factor for musculoskeletal symptoms during computer use (Bmno Garza et al., 2014, Marcus et al., 2002) and the lowering of its activity may contribute to diminish the risk of work related musculoskeletal disorders (Madeleine et al., 2006). 

More stress (muscle load) was imposed on the shoulder regions in the desk situation, when compared to lap positioning of the computer, whereas complaints in the shoulder-neck regions and EMG levels in the trapezius muscles increased as the vertical distance of the keyboard from the floor increases (Moffet et al., 2002). 

Bruno Garza, XL., Eijckelhof, B.H., Huysmans, M.A., Johnson, P.W., Van Dieen, J.H., Catalano, P.X, Katz, XN., Van Der Beek, A.J. Dennerlein, J.T. (2014) Prediction of trapezius muscle activity and shoulder, head, neck, and torso postures during computer use results of a field study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 15, 292. 

Madeleine, P., Vedsted, P., Blangsted, A.K., Sjogaard, G. Sogaard, K. (2006) Effects of electromyographic and mechanomyographic biofeedback on upper trapezius muscle activity during standardized computer work. Ergonomics, 49, 921-33. 

Nakata, M., Hagner, I.M. Jonsson, B. (1993)Trapezius muscle pressure pain threshold and strain in the neck and shoulder regions during repetitive light work. Scand J Rehabil Med, 25, 131-7. 

The evaluation of muscular fatigue by MDF presented different mean values for the dominant and non-dominant trapezius muscles, at different periods in the different thermal environments. So, statistical differences were not found according to the assess muscle (p > 0,05) at both environments. However the mean values of MDF are higher in the dominant trapezius as shown in Figure 2. Frequently the muscle of the dominant side... 

Bosch, T., De Looze, M., Van Dieen, J. (2007). Development of fatigue and discomfort in the upper trapezius muscle during light manual work. Ergonomics, 50(2), 161-177. 

Farina, D., Madeleine, P., Graven-Nielsen, T., Merletti, R., Arendt-Nielsen, L. (2002). Standardising surface eleotromyogram recordings for assessment of activity and fatigue in the human upper trapezius muscle. European journal of applied physiology, 86(6), 469 78. 

Put one finger of each hand on the right and left trapezius muscles where the neck meets the trank. Are they level ... 

In the active direct techniques described, the patient pushes his hand toward the floor. The first two techniques can be used to treat the paravertebral muscles, the rhomboids, the levator scapulae, and the trapezius muscle. 

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