Transversal magnetic radiation, quantum

Figure 5 Solvent suppression pulse sequences based on filtering methods. Method (A) uses a 7, filter to discriminate resonances of solvent and solutes. The difference in molecular diffusion coefficients is used in method (B). is the spin-echo time. (C) Double-quantum filtering COSY, which uses the fact that there is no J-coupling between the two equivalent protons in water molecules and thus it cannot be excited to higher quantum coherence. The PFG pulses in (A) and (B) are used to attenuate radiation damping effects and dephase any transverse magnetization. They are used for the desired coherence selection in (C).

The following picture emerges The radiation field, represented classically by a vector potential—that is, by a superposition of plane waves, as before, with transverse electrical and magnetic fields—is now, in quantum electrodynamics, a system with quantized energies. The general eigenfunction is then a product eigenfunction of the type... 

In turn, the monochromatic multipole photons are described by the scalar wavenumber k (energy), parity (type of radiation either electric or magnetic), angular momentum j 1,2,..., and projection m = —j,..., / [2,26,27]. This means that even in the simplest case of monochromatic dipole (j = 1) photons of either type, there are three independent creation or annihilation operators labeled by the index m = 0, 1. Thus, the representation of multipole photons has much physical properties in comparison with the plane waves of photons. For example, the third spin state is allowed in this case and therefore the quantum multipole radiation is specified by three different polarizations, two transversal and one longitudinal (with respect to the radial direction from the source) [27,28], In contrast to the plane waves of photons, the projection of spin is not a quantum number in the case of multipole photons. Therefore, the polarization is not a global characteristic of the multipole radiation but changes with distance from the source [22],... 

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