Translesion DNA polymerase

Indian C, Mclnerney P, Georgescu R, Goodman ME, O Donnell M. A sliding-clamp toolbelt binds high- and low-fidelity DNA polymerases simultaneously. Mol. Cell 2005 19 805-815. Bunting KA, Roe SM, Pearl LH. Structural basis for recruitment of translesion DNA polymerase Pol JV/DinB to the beta-clamp. Embo. J. 2003 22 5883-5892. 

MDA and 3-substituted acroleins are mutagenic in several tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium. The strain sensitivity of mutation indicates that adducts formed from these bifunctional electrophiles induce base-pair substitutions, are repaired by nucleotide excision repair (NER), and require the action of translesion DNA polymerases (Pol II, IV, or V) to induce mutations. Interestingly, MDA induces frameshift mutations in Salmonella, whereas acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal do not [103-106],... 

Bumouf, D. Y., Olieric, V., Wagner, J., Fujii, S., Reinbolt, J., Fuchs, R. P., and Dumas, P. (2004). Structural and biochemical analysis of sliding clamp/ligand interactions suggest a competition between replicative and translesion DNA polymerases./. Mol. Biol. 335, 1187-1197. 

A large series of purine analogues has been assayed to determine the mechanism for discrimination between right and wrong dNTP by the high fidelity polymerase Pol I from B.stearothermophilus has been reported, " " " whilst purine analogues have been used to probe the steric and electrostatic effects of incorporation by the translesion DNA polymerase Pol IV from S.solfataricus and human DNA Pol... 

Some investigators described artifactual DNA sequence alterations after formalin fixation, when testing DNA samples extracted from FFPE tissues. Williams et al.46 reported that up to one mutation artifact per 500 bases was found in FFPE tissue. They also found that the chance of artificial mutations in FFPE tissue sample was inversely correlated with the number of cells used for DNA extraction that is, the fewer cells, the more the artifacts. However, they mentioned that these artifacts can be distinguished from true mutations by confirmational sequencing of independent amplification products, in essence comparing the product of different batches. Quach et al.47 documented that damaged bases can be found in DNA extracted from FFPE tissues, but are still readable after in vitro translesion synthesis by Taq DNA polymerase. They pointed out that appropriate caution should be exercised when analyzing small numbers of templates or cloned PCR products derived from FFPE tissue samples. 

In addition to DNA polymerase V, translesion replication requires the RecA protein, SSB, and some subunits derived from DNA polymerase III. Yet another DNA polymerase, DNA polymerase IV, is also induced during... 

In bacteria, error-prone translesion DNA synthesis, involving TLS DNA polymerases, occurs in response to very heavy DNA damage. In eukaryotes, similar polymerases have specialized roles in DNA repair that minimize the introduction of mutations. 

However, much data has been accumulated in recent years indicating that the replication machinery can elongate past cisplatin-DNA lesions in a mutagenic way [15], Intervention of specific DNA polymerases and protein-protein interactions between replicative enzymes and DNA damage-recognition proteins may lead to occasional translesion DNA synthesis. This translesion synthesis can occur in an error-prone fashion, leading to indue-... 

The E. coli translesion polymerases, DNA polymerases II, IV, and V, are under the control of the SOS system. While DNA polymerases II, IV are involved in translesion synthesis of a few selected types of lesions, DNA polymerase V is the... 

---