Transformation broadcast

Leblebici, H., Salancik, G. R., Copay, A., King, T. 1991. Institutional change and transformation of interorganizational fields an organizational history of the US radio broadcasting industry. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36(3) 333-363. 

Figure 1 Diagram of the chirped-pulse, Fourier transform microwave spectrometer showing the generation of the the linear frequency sweep which is bandwidth multiplied and amplified. The inset shows the pulse in both time and frequency space. The pulse is broadcast into the chamber through a double-ridge microwave horn and the free induction decay (FID) is collected with another microwave horn. The FID is downconverted to the 0.5 - 11.5 GFIz range before being recorded by the oscilloscope.

In particular, a constraction exists that transforms any fail-stop signature scheme for a fixed risk bearer with 2-message initialization into one for many risk bearers where initialization only needs two rounds In the first round, the entity of each risk bearer broadcasts a separate prekey in the second round, the signer s entity broadcasts a public key. More generally, one can use parallel replications of the initialization of any fail-stop signature scheme for a fixed risk bearer, see Section 7.5.1. This soimds quite efficient however, it has so far implied that the complexity of the other transactions grows linearly with the number of risk bearers. In contrast, versions with more complex initialization exist where the complexity of the other transactions is not larger than in the case with one risk bearer, see Section 7.5.2. 

Outline of parallel computation of the LMP2 residual, which is required in each iteration. The update of the double-substitution amplitudes is shown as well. Every process loops over the local i j pairs, defined as those i j pairs for which the transformed two-electron integrals Kij reside locally. In the final communication step, each process broadcasts aU of its T y matrices to every other process, giving aU processes a copy of the entire updated T array. 

We would like to point out that the scope-6 broadcast enables us to parametrize the localization of the DG of figure 2. The parameter 6 can be viewed either as the maximal length of the dependence vectors, or as the maximum number of copies of a given variable (the fan-out of the array). Hence, the parameter 6 can be adjusted to cope with current integration constraints. Further results on the scope-6 broadcast transformation are available elsewhere [31, 8, 30]. 

In order to transform a nested loop with linear dependencies into an equivalent URE form, the propagation space of each variable should be determined and the localization of the data movements should be performed. Generally, propagation exists when the propagation space of a variable instance contains more than one node of the index space. The propagation in the index space can take two different forms, namely broadcast operations and Jan-in . More specifically, broadcasting occurs when a value of an instance is distributed to many nodes of the space, while fan-in occurs when different values of an instance are concentrated from many nodes to one node. The latter is the main feature of WSACs [20]. 

Alpha du Centaur does not place the intermediate variables that result from localizing global operations in the same index space. This can be done with a re-indexing transformation after the localization step. The localization procedure could also be adapted so that this step is not necessary, as in the case of the localization of broadcast operations. 

In a parallel effort, the glass bulbs were modified in composition and shape so that more complex devices could be accommodated. This led to television (TV), which became a commercial reality in 1939. Early broadcasts were in black and white. These were transformed into full color during the 1960s. This progression of events is outlined in Ref. 34. 

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