Transfection efficiency urocanic acid

The urocanic-acid-modified chitosan showed good DNA binding abihty, high protection of DNA from nuclease attack, and low cytotoxicity. The transfection efficiency of chitosan into 293T cells was much enhanced after coup-Hng with urocanic acid [96]. 

In another study, Kim et al. [70] synthesized urocanic acid modified chitosan (UAC) to enhance the transfection efficiency. They prepared UAC by... 

Kim et al. (2003) coupled urocanic acid (UA) with water-soluble chitosan (UAC), as shown in Figure 28.3. The transfection efficiency in 293T cells by UAC/DNA complexes was increased with increasing the substitution value of UA due to the buffering capacity in the endosomal compartment, which is similar to that of PEL Aerosol-containing UAC/programmed cell death protein... 

The receptor ligand transferrin has been incorporated into chitosan/DNA polyplexes which enhanced gene transfer up to four-fold compared to immod-ified chitosan [67]. In a similar fashion, incorporation of C-terminal domain of adenovirus fiber knob protein enhanced transfection up to 130-fold in HeLa cells. Further modifications include the incorporation of hydrophobic moieties to generate dodecylated chitosan, deoxychoHc acid modified chitosan. Urocanic acid-modified chitosan [68] was reported to mediate efficient gene delivery it was hypothesized that the imidazole ring plays a crucial role for enhancing the release of internalized polyplexes from endosomal vesicles. 

Urocanic acid (UA) bearing an imidazole ring [59] was introduced to chitosan. The transfection efficiency increased with increasing substitution value of UA... 

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