Transcription Repressors

Period 1) Clock gene and transcriptional repressor and negative limb (complex with CRY, PER2) of molecular circadian oscillators, essential for circadian clock plasticity and entrainment. 

Interestingly, post integration latency in microglial cells seems to be the result of the concerted action of both HDACs as well as HMTs on core histone H3 in nuc-1 (Marban et al. 2007). COUP-TF interacting protein 2 (CTIP2), a transcriptional repressor interacts with HDACl and HDAC2 via its N-terminus to repress... 

Soft rot symptoms produced by E. chrysanthemi consist of a disorganisation of parenchymatous tissues following the release of bacterial pectinolytic enzymes. The diverse enzymes do not contribute equally to the virulence on a given host and their implication may vary according to the host considered. For instance, inactivation of pelE, pelD, pelA or pern in strain 3937 considerably reduces the virulence on African violets while mutations in pelB or pelC remain ineffective [2]. Pectinolysis is regulated by the transcriptional repressor KdgR, inactive in the presence of pectic inducers. 

Ziouzenkova, O., G. Orasanu, G. Sukhova et al. 2007b. Asymmetric cleavage of beta-carotene yields a transcriptional repressor of retinoid X receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor responses. Mol Endocrinol 21( 1) 77—88. 

Suen TC, Goss PE. Identification of a novel transcriptional repressor element located in the first intron of the human BRCA1 gene. Oncogene 2001 20 440-450. 

HTH1GNTR helix turn helix gluconate operon transcriptional repressor E(M)B 0(0) 0(0) ... 

G. Blandino. 2001. The transcriptional repressor ZEB regulates p73 expression at the crossroad between proliferation and differentiation. Mol Cell Biol 21(24) 8461-70. 

Found in the transcriptional repressor NF-Xl, a PHD finger/RING finger protein. 

Tang, A. H., et al., PHYL acts to down-regulate TTK88, a transcriptional repressor of neuronal cell fates, by a SINA-dependent mechanism. 

Song, Z., et al., A novel cysteine-ridi sequence-specific DNA-binding protein interacts with the conserved X-box motif of the human major histocompatibility complex dass II genes via a repeated Cys-His domain and functions as a transcriptional repressor. / Exp Med, 1994, 180(5), 1763-74. 

UBC4 148 [24] Unknown DoalO Rsp5 Proteasomal degradation of diverse shortlived proteins [24] Proteasomal degradation of MATa2 transcriptional repressor [49] Endocytosis of membrane proteins [60, 61] protein trafficking (see Ref [63])... 

Byrd, C., Turner, G. C., and Varshavsky, A. The N-end rule pathway controls the import of peptides through degradation of a transcriptional repressor. EMBO J. 1998, 37, 269-77. 

Finally, nucleolin has also been identified as a repressor of polymerase II transcription (Yang et al 1994). Biochemical and functional studies further established that nucleolin is a transcription repressor for regulation of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP)... 

Yang C, Maiguel DA, Carrier F (2002) Identification of nucleolin and nucleophosmin as genotoxic stress-responsive RNA-binding proteins. Nucleic Acids Res 30 2251-2260 Yang TH, Tsai WH, Lee YM, Lei HY, Lai MY, Chen DS, Yeh NH, Lee SC (1994) Purification and characterization of nucleolin and its identification as a transcription repressor. Mol Cell Biol 14 6068-6074... 

Figure I. Chromatin acetylation status, transcription and survival a balance between HAT and HDAC activities, (a) Transcriptional activationlrepression relies on the chromatin acetylation status of histones. TBP TATA-Binding Protein, TF Transcription Factor, TR Transcriptional Repressor, (b) A fine-tuning of HAT/HDAC activities orchestrates neuronal death and survival. On one hand, acetylation levels can be decreased (HypoAc) because of CBP loss of function, as observed during apoptosis and neurodegeneration. On the other hand, when the threshold of acetylation is exceeded (HyperAc), this ultimately leads to nemonal death. (See Colom Plate 16.)...

HDAC9 is the predominant member of the class II HDAC family expressed in heart (Zhang et al, 2002). Its major product was shown to encode the splice variant MEF2-interacting transcription repressor/histone deacetylase-related protein (MITRIHDRP), which lacks the enzymatic domain but forms complexes with both HDACI and HDAC3 (Zhou et al, 2000 Zhou et al, 2001) and has been recently implicated in skeletal muscle chromatin acetylation and gene expression under motor innervation control (Mejat et al, 2005). 

Boutell JM, Thomas P, Neal JW, Weston VJ, Duce J, Harper PS, Jones AL (1999) Aberrant interactions of transcriptional repressor proteins with the Huntington s disease gene product, huntingtin. Hum Mol Genet 8(9) 1647-1655... 

Zhou X, Richon VM, Rifkind RA, Marks PA (2000) Identification of a transcriptional repressor related to the noncatalytic domain of histone deacetylases 4 and 5. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97(3) 1056-1061 Zhou X, Marks PA, Rifkind RA, Richon VM (2001) Cloning and characterization of a histone deacetylase, HDAC9. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98(19) 10572-10577 Zoghbi HY, Orr HT (2000) Glutamine repeats and neurodegeneration. Annu Rev Neurosci 23 217-247... 

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