Transcription factor table

Physical (e.g., heat shock, ionizing radiation) and physiological (e.g., hypoxia) stresses, along with metabolic factors (e.g., glucose), induce specific gene expression by mechanisms involving DNA sequence specific transcription factors (Table 2.1). 

Acting Eukaryotic Transcription Factors. Table 28-3 Some Eukaryotic Small Nuclear and Nucleolar RNA Molecules... 

TAFs. It is conceivable that different combinations of TAFs with TBP—or one of several recently discovered TBP-like factors (TLFs)—may bind to different promoters, and recent reports suggest that this may account for selective activation noted in various promoters and for the different strengths of certain promoters. TAFs, since they are required for the action of activators, are often called coactivators. There are thus three classes of transcription factors involved in the regulation of class II genes basal factors, coactivators, and activator-repressors (Table 37-A). How these classes of proteins interact to govern both the site and frequency of transcription is a question of central importance. 

Figure 43-11. The hormone response transcription unit. The hormone response transcription unit is an assembly of DNA elements and bound proteins that interact, through protein-protein interactions, with a number of coactivator or corepressor molecules. An essential component is the hormone response element which binds the ligand (A)-bound receptor (R). Also Important are the accessory factor elements (AFEs) with bound transcription factors. More than two dozen of these accessory factors (AFs), which are often members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, have been linked to hormone effects on transcription. The AFs can interact with each other, with the liganded nuclear receptors, or with coregulators. These components communicate with the basal transcription complex through a coregulator complex that can consist of one or more members of the pi 60, corepressor, mediator-related, or CBP/p300 families (see Table 43-6).

Table 6.1 Abbreviations BAN, BANYULS bHLH, basic helix-loop-helix CHS, chalcone synthase CHI, chalcone isomerase DFR, dihydroflavonol reductase F3H, flavonol 3-hydroxylase F3 H, flavonoid 3 -hydroxylase FLS, flavonol synthase icx, increased chalcone synthase expression LDOX, leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase LCR, leucoanthocyanidin reductase MATE, multidrug and toxic compound extrusion NR, not yet reported tt, transparent testa ttg, transparent testa glabrous the WD40 and WRKY transcription factors are named for conserved amino acid sequences within these proteins. PC = personal communication.

Numerous studies have analyzed the regulatory effects of RNI on transcription factors and transcriptional regulation. Although outside the main focus of this article, to summarize these primary observations we provide a table showing several transcription factors and their regulation under the impact of RNI (Table 13.1). For extensive coverage of the primary literature we refer to a number of review articles [11-14],... 

In Table 14.1, a list of important NRs leading to P450 induction is given [1,11-13]. The transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) was also included because of its special role in P450 induction (especially of some P450 family 1 members). 

Table 14.1 Prominent NRs and transcription factors triggering P450 gene transcription.

Transcription factors (such as TFIID for RNA polymerase II) help to initiate transcription. The requirements for termination of transcription in eukaryotes are not well understood. All transcription can be inhibited by actinomycin D. In addition, RNA polymerase II is inhibited by a-amanitin (a toxin from certain mushrooms). These points are summarized in Table 1-3-1,... 

TWo types can be distinguished, general transcription factors and specific transcription factors. Examples are listed in Table 1-5-1. 

New examples of cellular rhythms have recently been uncovered (Table II). These include periodic changes in the intracellular concentration of the transcription factor NF-KB and of the tumor suppressors p53, stress-induced oscillations in the transport of the transcription factor Msn2 between cytoplasm and nucleus in yeast, the segmentation clock that is responsible for the... 

Result Transcription factor binding sites for the ER-enriched regions (calculated with RegionMiner and CEAS Tables 7.2 and 7.3). 

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