Transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS

The clinical neuroscience community was quick to pick up on the importance of this discovery and Barker s Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) was soon widely used to measure nerve conduction velocities in clinical and surgical settings. However, it is not in the clinical domain that magnetic stimulation provides the most excitement magnetic stimulation is a tool with which to discover new facts about brain function and it has already delivered in many areas. 

A second part consists of two chapters covering other somatic interventions, including complementary, alternative, and naturopathic medicine approaches (such as St. John s wort), as well as more aggressive treatments less commonly used in children and adolescents, such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). 

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a novel treatment for psychiatric illness (George et ah, 1999 Pridmore and Belmaker, 1999). In the procedure, a current is passed around an insulated coil held in contact with the patient s head, causing a magnetic field to pass into the first few millimeters of cortex. Unlike ECT, a specific area of the brain is stimulated, the procedure does not require a general anesthetic, and a seizure does not occur. 

Kokka N, Sapp DW, Witte U, et al Sex difference in sensitivity to pentylenetetrazol but not GABAa receptor binding. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 43 441-447, 1992 Kolbinger HM, Hoflich G, Hufnagel A, et al Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the treatment of major depression—a pilot study. Human Psychopharmacology 10 305-310, 1995... 

Sachdev, P.S., McBride, R., Loo, C. Effects of different frequencies of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on the forced swim test model of depression in rats. Biol. Psychiatry 15, 474-179, 2002. 

A substantial proportion of depressed patients do not tolerate or respond to existing drug or somatic treatments. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is emerging as a possible viable alternative to ECT and/or drug therapies for certain neuropsychiatric disorders ( 2). 

A seizure induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in a patient with bipolar affective disorder taking maintenance lithium (731), may not have been related to lithium, since therapeutic concentrations of lithium can actually increase the seizure threshold (732). 

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), whereby a pulsed magnetic field creates current flow in the brain and can temporarily excite or inhibit specific areas, is being developing as an analytically and therapeutically useful non-invasive tool for studying the human brain. Tlie application of TMS to the motor cortex can produce a muscle twitch or may... 

Schluter etal (1998) used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to disrupt the processing in the human premotor cortex while the subjects carried out visual choice reaction tasks and simple reaction tasks. They were able to delay responses in the contralateral hand by stimulating the premotor cortex. They were also able to delay responses with the ipsilateral hand while stimulating over the left premotor cortex, but not while stimulating over the right premotor cortex or either sensorimotor cortex. They concluded that the premotor cortex is important for selecting movements after a visual cue and that the left hemisphere is dominant for the rapid selection of action,... 

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