Antibodies toxins using oxidized

Figure 21.15 A periodate-oxidized dextran polymer may be reacted with both an antibody and an intact toxin component using reductive amination to form a multivalent immunotoxin complex.

Proteins that contain disulfide bonds often fold slowly in vitro because the oxidation and coixect pairing of the cysteine residues becomes the rate-limiting step and the bonds formed ai e not always the coiiect ones. Many proteins, especially those that are secreted by eu-kaiyotes, aie stabilized by disulfide bonds. Examples of such proteins include those used for medical or biotechnological puiposes, such as interleukins, IFNs, antibodies and then fragments, insulin, TGF, and many toxins and proteases. Expression of recombinant proteins as inclusion bodies in bacteria can be a very efficient way to produce cloned proteins, as long as the inclusion body protein can be successfully refolded. 

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