Toxicology regulatory

FSTRAC. 1990. Federal State Toxicology Regulatory Alliance Committee. Summary of state and federal drinking water standards and guidelines by chemical communication subcommittee. 

Prival, M. J., Genetic toxicology regulatory aspects. J. Environ. Path. Toxicol. 3 99-111 (1980). 

Zbinden, G. 1993. The concept of multispecies testing in industrial toxicology. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 17 85-94. 

Methylnaphthalene in Food Packaging and Cadmium in Food Packaging and Household Items Overview of Exposure, Toxicology, Regulatory Aspects, and Research Needs... 

FSTRAC. 1999. Federal-State Toxicology and Regulatory Alliance Committee. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water. http //www.epa.gov/ostwater/fstrac/states.html. May 20, 1999. 

Where sufficient toxicologic information is available, we have derived minimal risk levels (MRLs) for inhalation and oral routes of entry at each duration of exposure (acute, intermediate, and chronic). These MRLs are not meant to support regulatory action but to acquaint health professionals with exposure levels at which adverse health effects are not expected to occur in humans. They should help physicians and public health officials determine the safety of a community living near a chemical emission, given the concentration of a contaminant in air or the estimated daily dose in water. MRLs are based largely on toxicological studies in animals and on reports of human occupational exposure. 

The more difficult thing is to develop models that can, with reasonable confidence, be used to predict ecological effects. A detailed discussion of ecological approaches to risk assessment lies outside the scope of the present text. For further information, readers are referred to Suter (1993) Landis, Moore, and Norton (1998) and Peakall and Fairbrother (1998). One important question, already touched upon in this account, is to what extent biomarker assays can contribute to the risk assessment of environmental chemicals. The possible use of biomarkers for the assessment of chronic pollution and in regulatory toxicology is discussed by Handy, Galloway, and Depledge (2003). 

Fensterheim, R.J. (1993). Documenting temporal trends of polychlorinated-biphenyls in the environment. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 18, 181-201. 

Although there is considerable activity in developing computational toxicology for regulatory applications, the reality for the foreseeable future is that QSARs and related techniques are not yet sophisticated enough to replace whole animal testing. 

Gilbertson M. 1997. Great Lakes forensic toxicology and the implications for research and regulatory programs. Environ Toxicol Chem 16 1771-1778. 

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