Toxaphene product structures

In 1973, variant (i) was introduced by Khalifa et al. and the year after three reports were published which described the isolation and structure elucidation of single components from technical toxaphene [54, 78, 91]. These initial studies focused on the isolation and structure elucidation of the major components in the technical mixture. However, it turned out that the isolated components were easily degraded in biota. Nevertheless, this approach revealed interesting results such as the presence of dihydrocamphenes in toxaphene [43,44] and the isolation of a non-racemic component from the technical product Melipax [27]. 

C oH 5, Mr 136.24, crystalline, bicyclic monoterpene with isocamphane structure occurring in nature in two optically active forms and a racemate (l/f,45)(+)- and (15,4/f)(-)-C., mp. 50-51 °C, [a]j, 119° (benzene) ( )-C., mp. 47 °C. Optically active C. racemizes readily. thus various values for optical rotation are found in the literature. C. occurs in many essential oils, e.g., Ceylon, citronella, turpentine, and bergamot oil. Use In the perfume industry and for production of camphechlor (toxaphen), a chlorinated C. that was used as an insecticide. Since it accumulates in the body fat of mammals its use as crop protection agent is no longer permitted in Germany. 

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