Total parenteral nutrition selenium deficiency

Selenium deficiency has been described in patients receiving long-term selenium-free total parenteral nutrition. Myopathy and abnormal glutathione peroxidase concentrations are most... 

Selenium deficiency has occurred in patients fed by total parenteral nutrition. The signs of deficiency include muscle pain. The deficiency can be reversed by feeding 10(1 ig Se/day for a week in the form of selenomethionine, Se deficiency may also occur during severe malnutrition. 

Ishihara H, Kanda F, Matsushita T, Chihara K, Itoh K. White muscle disease in humans myopathy caused by selenium deficiency in anorexia nervosa under long term total parenteral nutrition. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999 67(6) 829-30. 

Tsuda K, Yokoyama Y, Morita M, Nakazawa Y, Onishi S. Selenium and chromium deficiency during long-term home total parenteral nutrition in chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudoobstruction. Nutrition 1998 14(3) 291-5. 

Abrams CK, Siram SM, Galsim C, et al. Selenium deficiency in long-term total parenteral nutrition. Nutr Clin Pract 1992 7 175-178. 

Van Rij AM, Thomson CD, McKenzie JM, et al. 1979. Selenium deficiency in total parenteral nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 32 2076-2085. 

Selenium is a trace metal, which is part of glutathione peroxidase, which protects cell components from oxidative damage caused by peroxidases produced in cellular metabolism. It is indicated for its use as a supplement to IV total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solutions to prevent depletion of endogenous stores and subsequent deficiency symptoms. 

Oguri T, Hattori M, Yamawaki T, Tanida S, Sasaki M, Joh T, et al. Neurological deficits in a patient with selenium deficiency due to longterm total parenteral nutrition. J Neurol August 2012 259(8) 1734-5. 

The quality of the experimental evidence for nutritional essentiality varies widely for the ultratrace elements. The evidence for the essentiality of three elements, iodine, molybdenum and selenium, is substantial and noncontroversial specific biochemical functions have been defined for these elements. The nutritional importance of iodine and selenium are such that they have separate entries in this encyclopedia. Molybdenum, however, is given very little nutritional attention, apparently because a deficiency of this element has not been unequivocally identified in humans other than individuals nourished by total parenteral nutrition or with genetic defects causing disturbances in metabolic pathways involving this element. Specific biochemical functions have not been defined for the other 15 ultratrace elements listed above. Thus, their essentiality is based on circumstantial evidence, which most often is that a dietary deprivation in an animal model results in a suboptimal biological function that is preventable or reversible by an intake of physiological amounts of the element in question. Often the circumstantial evidence includes an identified essential function in a lower form of life, and biochemical actions consistent with a biological role or beneficial action in humans. The circumstantial evidence for essentiality is substantial for arsenic, boron, chromium, nickel, silicon, and vanadium. The evidence for essentiality for the... 

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