Total free energy, decomposition

In Table 1, the individual contributions to the total free energy in solvent, for various CF interatomic distances, are presented according to the decomposition made in Ref. [15]. 

Recently,the electron-transfer theory was extended in order to incorporate the slow and reversible chemically induced electron-exchange reactions, as observed for the fluorescer-catalyzed chemiluminescent decomposition of a-peroxylactones. It was argued that electron transfer is complete in the transition state for such a slow and irreversible endergonic electron-transfer reaction, but that the typically small slopes (— a/RT where a is about 0.3) of the In (intensity) vs. oxidation potential plot was due to the fact that only a fraction (a) of the total free-energy change manifests itself in the activation energy. 

FIGURE 12.4 Decomposition of the free energy of solvation of Gly2 5 peptides into (a) a vdW component, (b) an electrostatic component, and (c) the total free energy in 2M aqueous solutions of TMAO (solid) and urea (dashed). 

An optimized bi-continuous periodic structure occurs at the early stage of spinodal decomposition. The small domains coalescence with each other at the later stage, in order to minimize the total interfacial area and thus the total free energy of the system. The structural evolution at the later stage is called Ostwald ripening (Ostwald 1896). According to the Porod law. 

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