Topographical changes

The possible causes for the cooling from the middle Miocene to the present are (1) the change in carbonate deposition with time (2) the change in albedo due to topographic change (building of mountains such as the Himalaya, etc.) (3) the change... 

Conversely, perturbations in the burial rate of BSi have the potential to alter the marine silica cycle. For example, changes in sea level affect the expanse of continental shelf Since BSi burial is more efficient in shelf sediments (because of better preservation), a topographic change that alters the spatial extent of this depositional environment has the potential to alter the size of the DSi reservoir. 

Other bedrock-based approaches to understanding topographic change... 

The relatively novel method of atomic force microscopy can be used both ex situ and in situ for the study of the surface morphology of electrodes. It is based on a thin and sensitive cantilever to which a sharp microscopic tip is attached. The tip is raster-scanned along the studied surface, changing its deflection as a result of topographic changes. The deflection is measured by a laser beam which is reflected from the back of the cantilever to a detector that measures the position... 

Sites that are apparent either as recent surface disturbances or topographic changes that were not present on earlier photographs. Sites that are obviously clean fill for construction purposes are not included in this category nor are they annotated. (Such sites may be identified by the relatively rapid completion of activity followed by the appearance of a highway, new building or structure on more recent photographs.)... 

Stuart, 2002). A relatively recent development has been the use of thermochronologic data for modem stream sediment samples to hmit the bedrock cooling age distribution and relief (Stock and Montgomery, 1996) or average erosion rate (Brewer, 2001 Bullener al., 2001) for the stream s catchment. Such studies may yield a sense of how rehef developed over time within specific catchments, and catchment-to-catchment variations may, in turn, reveal the nature of topographic change over time. 

In the near-field recording technique presented in Section 16.5.1, the evanescent field distributions near the particles were recorded as surface topography of a photosensitive film, and the topc aphy was read out with an AFM. This is good for the application of high-resolution imaging, because the evanescent distribution near a specimen can be converted to the topographical change of the film surface and detected with an AFM. 

In our work we have found significant differences in the quantitative and topographic changes in brain activity recorded from the scalp following presentation of a range of odour types, and relationships have been found between specific features of the recorded signals and measurable effects of the same stimuli on moods or feelings. 

Topographic changes during silver electrodissolution in aqueous... 

Topographic Changes during Silver Electrodissolution in Aqueous 1 M HCIO4... 

Topographic changes occur at the terrace domain of a silver single crystal immersed in aqueous 1 M perchloric acid at 298 K, and held at constant electrodissolution current density (j) and temperature. These changes can be followed by in-situ STM sequential imaging [25]. 

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