Tissue basic requirements

Several new methodologies have been developed in recent years for the surface analysis of lipids. These methods allow direct detection of lipids from surfaces such as tissue sections and intact cells without prior extraction and thus enable the determination of spatial distribution of the lipids. There are three basic requirements for the surface analysis. The analytes of interest must be desorbed from the surface by the interaction of a sampling probe such as spray, laser, or plasma. The desorbed analytes must first be ionized and then... 

Though an ideal decontaminant may be difficult to attain, many alternatives exist that are readily available and meet many basic requirements, van Hooidonk et al. (1983) evaluated a variety of household products as decontaminants for VX, soman, and sulfur mustard. His paper provides an excellent comparison of these readily available decontaminants to include flour, soapy water, talcum powder, and tissue paper. We have selected several other candidate decontaminants that are under investigation, in advanced development, or currently fielded. These include the currently fielded U.S. Department of Defense skin decontaminants (M291 Skin Decontamination Kit [SDK], 0.5% hypochlorite, and 1% soapy water). Reactive Skin Decontaminant Lotion (RSDL), Diphoterine, Sandia Laboratory s Decontamination Foam, and the Decontamination Sponge. 

Surgical sutures are wound closure filaments fabricated in various shapes. The basic requirement of sutures is that they hold tissues in place until natural healing... 

One of the basic requirements for systematic arrangement within tissues is a mechanical one-a means of maintaining the cells in appropriate relationship to each other despite the various forces which act upon them, including gravity, externally applied physical stress and the internal movements of the organism itself which result from growth and exertion. 

ISO 10993 standard family regulates the testing required for a determination of biocompatibility for tissue contact devices. Cytotoxicity testing is a basic requirement for the biocompatibility assessment. The cytotoxicity assay requires the elution of the sensor with physiological saline and the evaluation of the effect of the eluate on living cells. This can be critical for enzymes which are not properly immobilized, plasticizers in substrates or membrane layers, and the often-used reference electrode material silver/silver chloride. Also relevant for CGM sensors, but not addressed by the elution test, is the effect of the enzymatic reaction in the sensor in the absence of polarization of the sensor. First-generation sensors which... 

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