Tin protoxide

Synonyms stannous oxide tin monoxide tin protoxide Uses... 

Synonyms/Trade Names Stannous oxide, Tin protoxide [Note Aiso see specific iisting for Tin(iV) oxide (as Sn).] ... 

The Venetian contains also traces of magnesia and phosphoric or boracic acid the crystals appear disseminated through the mass, which is of a yellow tint, and transparent in thin sheets. The tin and iron obviously assist in the formation" of the crystals of metallic copper, after which the tin becomes silicate of the protoxide, otherwise the glass would become opaque. 

Protoxide of Tin. Usually termed oxuh of titt. Precipitate a solution of protochloride of tin with carbonate of potassa, wash and dry the powder at a heat under 166 Fahr., with as uttle exposure to the air as possible. It is a whito or greyish-white powder, soluble in acids and in the pure fixed alkalies. If it be heated in an atmosphere of carbonic acid it loses Its water and enanges to a dense black powder, which is anhydrous protoxide. ( Comeg.)... 

This oxide is prepared by adding an alkaline carbonate to a solution of protochloride of tin, when a bulky white precipitate is formed of hydrated protoxide of tin. This is washed with warm water and dried at a heat not above 196 . The dry hydrate is now heated to redness in a current of carbonic acid gas, and the anhydrous protoxide is left. 

When moist hydrated peroxide of iron is mixed with a neutral solution of protochloride of tin, an exchange takes place, and a bulky precipitate of a grey colour is formed, which is a hydrate of sesquioxide of tin. Fe Oj -p 2 SnCl = Sn, 0,-1-2 FeCl. The sesquioxide is soluble in acids and in ammonia, the latter character distinguishing it from the protoxide. Its solution in hydrochloric add forms, with chloride of gold, the purple of Cassius and seems, indeed, better adapted for making it than the protoxide. 

This compound is formed by pouring melted tin on its own weight of sulphur, and stirring well. The mass is then powdered, mixed with more sulphur, and thrown by degrees into a red-hot crucible, by which means the whole of the tin is sulphurised. It forms a bluish black brittle solid, having metallic lustre. It is also formed when sulphuretted hydrogen acts on solutions of protoxide or protochloride of tin. 

These toxic components of the coatings can be copper oxides (I), mercury, tin-bis(tributyl)oxide, barium metaborate, anilide of salicylic acid, phenols and their derivatives, compounds of aminoformic acids, etc. [87]. In the area of metal ion toxins copper protoxide, lead and tin derivatives have recently come into extensive use. 

The correct figures for Sb203 and ShgOs are given in brackets. For the suboxides and protoxides of copper and tin he found ... 

In the nineteenth century the term appears to have been revived, though for a different compound - cobalt stannate (cobalt tin oxide, q.v). The London Times of 28 December 1859 carried an advert for C ruleum, a new permanent colour, prepared for the use of artists , while lire s Dictionary of Arts (1875-78) also specifies the composition, describing the pigment as Cffiruleum. .. consisting of stannate of protoxide of cobalt, mixed with stannic acid and sulphate of lime. This is repeated by other authors such as Standage (1887) however, the word afterwards stabilises as cerulean q.v.). 

---