Time-of-Fhght Mass Spectrometers

Wdey, W.C. McLaren, I.H. Reprint of Time-of-Fhght Mass Spectrometer With Improved Resolution. J. Mass Spectrom. 1997, 32,4-11. 

Harrington, D.B. The Time-of-Fhght Mass Spectrometer, in Advances in Mass Spectrometry, Waldron, J.D., editor Pergamon Press Oxford, 1959 249-265. 

This fundamental equation explains that the velocity of heavier ions (i>, of ions with mass mj) is lower than of lighter ions (yz of ions with mass niz, with mj > m2). Equation (10) is used directly in time resolved measurements, for example in time-of-fhght mass spectrometers (ToE-MS). The charged ions of the extracted and accelerated ion beam are separated by their mass-to-charge ratio, m/z, in the mass analyzer. Mass-separated ion beams are subsequently recorded by an ion detection system either as a function of time or simultaneously. Mass spectrometers are utilized for the determination of absolute masses of isotopes, atomic weights, relative abundance of isotopes and for quite different apphcations in survey, trace, ultratrace and surface analysis as discussed in Chapters 8 and 9. 

Cornish, T.J. Cotter, R.J. A Curved Field Reflection Time-of-Fhght Mass Spectrometer for the Simultaneous Focusing of Metastahle Product Ions. Rapid Common. Mass Spectrom. 1994, 8, 781-785. 

Myers, D.P. Mahoney, P.P. Li, G. Hieftje, G.M. Isotope Ratios and Abundance Sensitivity Obtained with an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Time-of-Fhght Mass Spectrometer. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 1995, 6, 920-927. 

Doroshenko, V. M. Cotter, R. J. A quadrupole ion trap/time-of-fhght mass spectrometer with a parabolic reflection. J. Mass Spectrom. 1998, 33(4), 305-318. 

Another type of dynamic mass spectrometer is the time-of-fhght (ToF) analyzer. In 1946, Stephens presented his concept of the linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ToF-MS) as the simplest mass separation techniqne at an American Physical Society meeting in Cambridge, MA." Cameron and Eggers first published the design and showed mass spectra for hnear ToF-MS in... 

Warscheid, B. Jackson, K. Sutton, C. Fenselau, C. MALDI analysis of Bacilli in spore mixtures by applying a quadrupole ion trap time-of-fhght tandem mass spectrometer. Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 5608-5617. 

R. J. Lys, LA. Sequencing Peptides Without Scanning the Reflectron Post-Source Decay With a Curved-Field Reflectron Time-of-Fhght Spectrometer. Rapid Common. Mass Spectrom. 1995, 9,1356-1361. 

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