Time-course Analysis

E. M. Benson, A. J. Tomlinson and S. Nayloi, Time course analysis of a microsomal incubation of a therapeutic dmg using preconcenti ation capillary electrophoresis (Pc-CE) , 7. High Resolut. Chromatogr. 17 671-673 (1994). 

The enantioselective benzylic hydroxylation of indan and tetralin can be achieved with M. isabellina, affording 78 % conversion to 1-indanol (64 % yield, 86 % (11 )- ee) in a 2-day incubation and 52 % conversion to 1-tetralol (38 % yield, 92 % (11 )- ee) in a 4-day incubation. The good yields and ee allow their use in future scahng-up processes however, to avoid the lack of efficiency, careful control of the temperature, pH and medium is necessary, since the reactions are strongly dependent on the incubation and reaction conditions. Tables 12.2 and 12.3 give details of some of the different incubation condi-tions/results and time-course analysis found in the benzyhc hydroxylation of indan and tetrahn mediated by M. isabellina CCT3498. 

Table 12.3 Time-course analysis obtained in the benzylic hydroxylation of indan and tetralin (30 mg) byM. isabellina (3 g fresh weight) ...

Figure 4. Time course analysis of the accumulation of Inhibitors I and II protein, translatable mRNAs and apparent translational efficiencies in leaves of singly and doubly wounded tomato plants. Key — —, Inhibitor I, single wound —O—, Inhibitor II, single wound — 9 —, Inhibitor I, double wound and — O —, Inhibitor II, double wound.

Marchioli, R., Barzi, F., Bomba, E., Chieffo, C., Di Gregorio, D., Di Mascio, R., Franzosi, M. G., Geraci, E., and Levantesi, G. (2002). Early protection against sudden death by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids after myocardial infarction Time-course analysis of the results of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Soprawivenza nell Infarto Miocardico (GlSSI)-Prevenzione. Circulation 105,1897-1903. 

Time-course analysis in a rabbit iliac artery model disclosed <20% stent re-endothelialization at four days, <40% at seven days, and near-complete endothelialization at 28 days following stent implantation (18). The re-endothelialization process has been studied in several other animal models using different types of injuries with very controversial results, suggesting, in part, a diversity in the response and capacity of vascular healing. 

Peterson, G. M., Lanford, G. W., and Powell, E. W., Fate of septohippocampal neurons following fimbria-fomix transection a time course analysis, Brain Res. Bull., 25, 129, 1990. 

Fig. 2. Bioluminescence image captured by Luminoview and cytosolic ATP measurement at the single cell level. (a)Bioluminescence image of HeLa cells expressing Emerald Luc obtained by 40 x objective lense. (b) Time course analysis of cytosolic ATP after addition of STS (4 pM) for 7 cells selected in Fig. 2(a).

Fig. 3. Time course analysis of the API promoter activity in individual cells A Luminescence images of PC12 cells expressing luciferase gene under the API promoter after EGF stimulation. Images were taken with 14 min exposure at 15 min intervals and binning with lxl of 512 x 512 pixels using a 40 x objective lens (NA 1.35). B Time course analysis of API promoter activity after EGF stimulation. Each line represents the luminescence intensity for individual cells.

Fig. 2. Time course analysis of intracellular Ca2+dynamics at single cell level. A and B Early and late responses of Ca2+ triggered by ATP. Ionomysin is added at 20 min after ATP stimulation.

Detailed time course analysis of NM fiber formation provided insight into the mechanism of nucleation (Serio et al., 2000). Specifically, a series of biochemical probes and microscopy techniques were used in concert to determine if preformed NM fibers acted as nuclei for con-... 

Time course analysis of gene expression levels using QRT-PCR in the acute phase of the penetrating ballistic brain injury between 3 and 6 h indicates an upregulation in the expression of cytokines TNF-a (eightfold to 11-fold), IL-ip (11-fold to 13-fold), and IL-6 (40-fold to 74-fold) as well as the cellular adhesion molecules VCAM (twofold to threefold), ICAM-1 (sevenfold to 15-fold), and E-selectin (11 -fold to 13-fold). These processes are consistent with the upregulation... 

SATO, S, SOGA, T., TOMITA, M., Time-course analysis of rice metabolome, in Proceedings of the 4" International Conference on Systems Biology, 2003, p. 227... 

However, even the method of y-ray spectrometry performed with Ge detectors in the ordinary manner cannot make full use of the potential of multitracer technology. For example, if one needs to perform time-course analysis of multitracers in living biological samples, one has to prepare the same number of samples as that of the time points. This inherently causes individual differences, while elimination of such differences is one of the significant features of the multitracer technology. 

The formation of ATP from ADP was observed at a maximum of 41% at approximately 60 hrs as shown in Fig. 1. The time course of ATP formation is shown in Fig.2. In the initial stage, the induction period was as long as 20 hrs. Then ATP and AMP were increased and ADP was decreased. In the final stage after 60 hrs, a white precipitate was formed and simultaneously the decrease in the concentration of all three compounds occurred. The precipitates contained magnesium and adenosine residues. Another time course analysis clearly showed the modes of this reaction as shown in Fig. 3. When heptakis--(2,6-dimethyl)-3-CD was used in place of 3-CD itself, there was no formation of a white precipitate. 

BA + GA3 was about three times the initial (0 h) value. Addition of NAA (or FC) along with BA + GA3 significantly inhibited the increase in PAL activity caused by BA + GA3. Again ABA and Ethrel were without effect on the stimulation caused by BA + GA3. A time course analysis of BA + GA3-induced increase in PAL activity showed that PAL activity initially fell during the first 8 h (as in untreated segments), but then subsequently increased (Fig. 2). PAL activity at 48 h in all treatments was usually lower than at 24 h (data not given). 

This bio-directed epitaxial nanodeposition can be studied over time and under varied conditions including different substrates. For example, in Figure 16-14, a time-course analysis of an NOC template shows a bacterium moving in contact with a stretched NOC substrate. 

Another method for microarray time course analysis is via ANOVA and the F-statistic. The classical ANOVA and mix-effect ANOVA models are used for cross-sectional and... 

Time Course Analysis of Microarray Data for the Pathway of Repa-oductive Development in Female Rainbow Trout Statistical Analysis and Datamining, Vol. 2, pp. 192-208... 

Integral forms of the Michaelis Menten equation have been proposed for use in time course analysis for many years, with more complex mathematical models appearing with time (Russell Drane, 1992 Goudar et al., 1999). Integral forms of the Michaelis Menten equation however have been found to be limited in their usefulness for time course models... 

Putz, M. V., Lacrama, A.-M., Ostafe, V. (2006b). FuU time course analysis for reversible enzyme kinetics. Proceeding of the VM-th International Symposium Young People and Multidisciplinary Research (11-12 Mai 2006 Timisoara, Romania), Welding Publishing House, Association of Multidisciplinary Research of the West Zone of Romania, Timisoara (ISBN-10 973-8359-39-2, ISBN-13 978-8359-39-0), pp. 642-649. 

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