Time-averaged particle parameters, liquid

Figure 38. Contour plot of P( il>t, (calculated using only intact bonds) for the time-averaged 3584-particle WCA liquid at p = 0.83. The letters indicate the approximate locations of the corresponding vertex types in order-parameter space, (a) Raw distribution. The contour levels are 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128. (b) Rationalized distribution (see text). The contour levels are -16, -8, -4, -2, -1, -0.5, 0,0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16. Positive contours are indicated by solid lines, negative contours by dotted lines, and the zero contour by a heavy solid line.

The parameter K is a measure of how fast the molecules diffuse across the stagnant liquid film layer. It is assumed that local equilibrium occurs at the exterior solid particle surface. The average solid phase loading, which is only a function of time, is given by ... 

In the above equations, AG, AL, and As are the gas-phase, liquid-phase and calalyst-surface concentrations of the reacting species, ACi is the average gas-phase concentration at the reactor inlet, Z is the axial distance from the reactor inlet, L is the total length of the reactor, m = H/RgT, where H is the Henry s law constant (cm3 atm g-mol" ), Rg is the universal gas constant, and T is the temperature of the reactor. UG is the mean gas velocity, Us is the mean settling velocity of the particles, t is the time, k is the first-order rate constant, W is the catalyst loading, zc and ZP are the axial dispersion coefficients for the gas and solid phases, respectively. Following the studies of Imafuku et al.19 and Kato et al.,21 the axial dispersion coefficient for the liquid phase was assumed to be the same as that for the solid phase, w is the concentration of the particles and hG the fractional gas holdup. Other parameters have the same meaning as described earlier. 

Fig.2 shows the changes of particle concentration distribution with time. All the results are normalized. The reinforcement particles is SiC with the density of 3.2g/cm, and the base alloy is A1 alloy. The viscosity of liquid is 1.19 X I0 g/(mm.sec), and the centrifugal accelerate is SOOg. The average concentration Co of reinforcement particles is 20%, and the initial concentration is uniform. Other parameters are selected from reference. ... 

---