Thyroid drugs

Hyperthyroidism may be treated in several ways. One of these is interference with the synthesis of the thyroid hormones, possibly by removal of iodine. Thiourea and cyclic thioureas have this effect and of such cyclic compounds, thiouracil (1030 R = H), its 6-alkyl derivatives (1030 R = Me or Pr) and thiobarbital (1031) are effective thyroid drugs. Today only propylthiouracil (1030 R = Pr) is widely used, probably because it has fewer side effects than the others (71MI21302). The thiouracils are made by the Principal Synthesis from a /3-oxo ester (1032 R = H, Me, Pr, etc.) and thiourea (45JA2197) their fine structures are experimentally based (64AF1004). 

Many people took thyroid drugs for weight loss before it was discovered that they could lead to serious health problems. 

Interaction of Thioamides, Selenoamides and Amides with Di-iodine A Study of the Mechanism of Action of Anti-thyroid Drugs... 

All these results are well correlated with the mechanism of action of anti-thyroid drugs. 

Pregnancy may be adversely affected by poorly controlled hyperthyroidism, with an increased rate of fetal loss. The goal of treatment during pregnancy is to maintain euthyroidism, using the smallest doses of anti thyroid drugs possible. 

Occasionally patients develop a dramatically acute and severe form of thyrotoxicosis which may be life-threatening, termed thyroid crisis or thyroid storm. In this condition the patient is at risk of cardiac complications, notably arrhythmia and ventricular failure, and it requires very urgent treatment. It is essential to use high doses of anti-thyroid drugs, and PTU is often preferred for this, particularly because of its fast absorption. Iodides or ipodate are often... 

Figure 1.4 Percentage of drugs that have been prescribed in the United States for 2003-2005 as a fraction of the top 200 most prescribed drugs. Note that the total of the top 200 most prescribed was 2.1 bilhon, 2.8 biUion, and 2.3 billion for 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. AC = Antihypertension/cardiovascular medication, SH = sedatives/antipsychotics, AI = analgesics/anti-inflammatory, AM = antimicrobial, GI = gastrointestinal, AD = antidiabetic, DE = diuretics/electrol3ftes, TH = thyroid drugs. Re = respiratory, CR = contraceptives/ reproductive therapy, BP = biophosphonates and other anti-bone loss, St = steroids. He = hematology, Nu = nutritional, Tr = triptan, AP = antineoplast, AN = anesthetic, and DI = dopaminergics and immunomodulators.

People with exposure to anti-thyroid drugs (e.g., lithium), thyroid disease, or otherwise compromised thyroid function might have a more pronounced response to PBBs and PBDEs because of their underlying limitations in thyroid hormone production. Similarly, people with compromised function of other organs, such as those with liver or kidney diseases (e g., liver cirrhosis or hepatitis B), could be considered more susceptible to health effects of PBBs and PBDEs. 

Morita S, Ueda Y, Eguchi K. Anti-thyroid drug-induced ANCA-associated vasculitis a case report and review of the literature. Endocr J 2000 47(4) 467-70. 

Gunton JE, Stiel J, Caterson RJ, McElduff A. Clinical case seminar anti-thyroid drugs and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positive vasculitis. A case report and... 

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