2-Thromboxane-glycerol

Kozak KR, Crews BC, Morrow JD, Wang LH, Ma YH, Weinander R, Jakobsson PJ, Mamett LJ (2002a) Metabolism of the endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonylglycerol and anandamide, into prostaglandin, thromboxane, and prostacyclin glycerol esters and ethanolamides. J Biol Chem 277 44877 4885... 

The cis unsaturated fatty acids provide fluidity of triacyl-glycerol reserves and phospholipid membranes and many serve as precursors of eicosanoids (prostaglandins, prostacyclins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes). The importance of membrane fluidity and its relationship to the membrane constituent phospholipids are discussed in Chapter 10. Eicosanoids have numerous functions (see below). 

The first step in eicosanoid synthesis is the release of arachi-donic acid from C-2 of glycerol in membrane phosphoglyc-eride molecules. Cyclooxygenase converts arachidonic acid into PGG2, which is a precursor of the prostaglandins and the thromboxanes. The lipoxygenases convert arachidonic acid to the precursors of the leukotrienes. 

Benabe, J.E., Klahr, S., HofifiTian, M.K. and Morrison, A.R. (1980). Production of thromboxane by the kidney in glycerol-induced acute renal failure in the rabbit. Prostaglandin, 19, 333-347... 

Papanicolaou, N., Hatziatoniou, C. and Bariety, J. (1986). Selective inhibition of thromboxane synthesis partially protected while inhibition of angiotensin II formation did not protect rats against acute renal failure induced with glycerol. Prostagl. Leak. Med., 1, 29-35... 

Thromboxane is synthesized by the kidney [52] and the production is enhanced in many situations leading to renal failure, i.e. uretereal obstruction (in the rabbit [53], in the rat [54]), renal vein constriction [55] and glycerol induced renal failure [56]. TXAj is the major metabolite of arachidonic acid in human cortical hydronephrotic tissue [57]. 

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