Threshold point

Page et al. (28) studied the activation threshold of pyrethrins for certain insects. This threshold point of toxicant in the insect occurred when the natural activity was replaced by forced activity caused by the action of the pyrethrins on the peripheral nervous system. 

In bright light the acid number increases rapidly. The threshold of initial phytotoxicity (0.16) is reached in approximately 80 days. In diffuse light initial visible injury does not occur until near the end of a storage period of 325 days, at which time an acid number of approximately 0.16 has been reached. Material stored in the dark reached an acid number of 0.08 in 325 days and, at this time, caused no injury to beans or com. If we may assume the same continuing rate of increase in acid number, the material stored in the absence of light will not reach the phytotoxic threshold point of 0.16 until it has been stored for approximately 450 days. 

Fig. 2. Stability of the thermodynamic branch as a function of some parameter A that measures the chemical system s distance from equilibrium. In the linear range (i.e., for 0 sAssA ) the steady states belong to the thermodynamic branch (a) and are stable. Beyond this domain there may exist a threshold point Ac at which a new stable nonequilibrium branch of solutions (b) appears while the thermodynamic branch becomes unstable.

Figure 2.12 Dose-response curve showing the NOAEL, LOAEL, and threshold points. Abbreviations NOAEL, no observed adverse effect icojj level LOAEL, lowest adverse effect level.

The growth of the conductivity or elasticity of such networks near their respective percolation threshold points can be expressed as powers (known as exponents) of the interval (of random concentration of the conducting or elastic material) from the percolation threshold. These powers or the exponents are observed to be universal, in the sense that they do not depend on many details of the problem or of the lattice, but depend on only some subtle geometric features of the problem e.g., the exponents often depend only on the lattice dimensionality. 

From the curve record the ml of NaOH required for the soil at inflection point i.e., the threshold point at which the curve suddenly shoots up as all the acid is neutralized and thereafter the pH rise occurs due to concentration of the base added. Let volume of NaOH consumed at inflection point be x ml. 

To evaluate whether ecological thresholds (points of no return) can be found across the pressure gradients. 

Figure 6 Damage function for stone. Stone decay proceeds, often at an assumed linear rate, to a critical threshold point. Beyond this point the damage is unacceptable. Unlike some phenomena to which this form of analysis has been applied, reducing pollution does not reverse the effects of damage. Certain suites of processes may operate at a more rapid rate to alter the stone, even under the same pollution conditions, than other suites of processes. This could result in differential damage on a building...

An instrument known as the Scentometer has recently been developed to measure the magnitude of the concentration of odors at a given site.25 26 27 The principle employed is to measure the extent to which an odor-bearing air must be diluted with odor-free air in order to reach the threshold point. The odor-free air is supplied by the Scentometer, by passing air through activated carbon contained in the instrument. The Scentometer enables field studies to be made to learn the degree of purification required to provide air of suitable quality in the situation under study. 

The traditional school similarly assumes higher expected returns of the shareholders with rising indebtness. But the increase of expected return is not as distinct as with MM. If gearing exceeds a certain threshold (point (Debt/Equity)"" in Exhibit 2.4), the shareholders expected returns rise significantly due to the increased risk sensitivity. Thus, according to the traditional view a capital structure can be determined which minimizes the cost of capital WACC and maximizes the company s value. 

The top of a cloud-point curve is called the threshold point. The critical point on the T — plane for a binary solution is situated at the threshold point, but this is no longer the case for quasi-binary solutions. The critical point on the T — < > plane for a quasi-binary solution should appear somewhere on the... 

Level 1 This threshold points to a well-known structural simplification that can be made in the bond graph, namely, the null flow source can be removed along with the 1-junction vcy without affecting the accuracy of the model. 

There are pros and cons to consider for each of the approaches used to date to satisfy the 1.8 and 1.3 thresholds. Points for consideration include the following ... 

The electrical properties of the Ag-TDCN thin films were measured. As shown in Fig. 24, the I-V curve of the sample indicates that the films possess good electrical bistability. The Ag-TDCN thin film is initially insulating (we call it the 0 state) and a conductance of less than 10" ft" cm" within the voltage threshold 1.36 V. At this voltage threshold point the electron current increased abruptly, and... 

Figure 1. Fractal dimension of clusters on square lattice. The uppermost arrow shows maximal dimension d = D = 2. The percolation threshold point is shown by the pair of arrows below the upper right corner of the diagram. The lattice animal limit is marked by the o symbol, the dashed line marks the (uncertain) course of the 0 dependent dimensionality at /3 < 0. The two arrows along the left vertical axis mark the vedues of self-avoiding random walk at d = 4/3 and the limiting value of the dimensionality (d = 1) of straight clusters in the limit /3 — —oo.

Based on a limiting component constraint, an exchange probability kernel is developed for multi-component systems. The LDF-type model with the kernel is continuous with time and axial direction. Two tuning parameters such as concentration layer thickness and function change rate at the threshold point are needed for the probability kernels, which are not sensitive to problems considered. 

In this study, the generalized adsorption rate model involving two exchange possibility kernels (i.e., sum and product kernels) is extended to multi-components systems. For the possibility kernels, two tuning parameters, (i.e., the concentration thickness and function change rate at the threshold point) are required. These tuning parameters are found to be insensitive to the problems considered. 

A logical sum of Condition I o Condition II n Condition III] results in a kernel containing the concentration sum of all components. The sum kernel inspired by sigmoidal function which allows a rapid change at a threshold point but continuously is ... 

Actually, the threshold point for film formation is called the minimum film formation temperature, which is slightly lower than Tg. 

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