Thompson, Benjamin

Brown, S. C. (1976). Thompson, Benjamin (Count Rumford). In Dictionary of Scientific Biography, ed. C. C. Gillispie, Vol. 13, pp. 350-352. New York Scribner. Brown, S. C. (1979). Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford. Cambridge, MA MIT Press. 

Rudberg Friedrich Emanuel Jakob (1800-1839) Swed. phys., made refraction measurements, inventor of heating and cooling data for investigating alloys Rudolph ll (1552-1612), Rome Emperor and Bohemian King, famous aesthete and upholder of alchemy boom in Prague Rumford (see Thompson Benjamin)... 

Until the beginning of the 19th century, it was thought that heat was an invisible substance called caloric. An object at a high temperature was thought to contain more caloric than one at a low temperature. However, British physicist Benjamin Thompson in 1798 and British chemist Sir Humphry Davy in 1799 presented... 

Benjamin Thompson s 1798 invention for producing heat based on his idea that friction generates heat by increasing the motion of molecules. (Corbis-Bettmann)... 

Ellis, G. E. (1871). Memoir of Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Ruinford. Boston American Academy of Ails and Sciences. 

British physicist Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford) shows that work is convertible into heat and vice versa. 

The early notion that heat was a fluid called caloric was disproved in 1798 by Benjamin Thompson (later. Count Rumford). While minister of war in Bavaria and boring cannon, he observed that heat could be produced continuously and endlessly from a given mass of iron, and so it could not be a fluid. In one of his experiments, he used a team of two horses to turn a lathe that bored a hole in a 51-kg piece of cannon iron. The iron was immersed in a wooden box containing 18.77 lb. of water. The assembly was initially at 60.°F and 1.00 atm. 

In 1801 Count Rumford (Benjamin Thompson) obtained for Davy a position as assistant lecturer on chemistry and director of the laboratory at the Royal Institution. In the Philosophical Magazine one finds the following description of Davy s first lecture, which was on galvanism ... 

Richard F. Thompson, Shaowen Bao, Lu Chen, Benjamin D. Cipriano, Jeffrey S. Grethe,... 

I. Benjamin, Chemical reactions and solvation at liquid interfaces a microscopic perspective, Chem. Rev. (Washington, D. C.), 96 (1996) 1449-75 I. Benjamin, Theory and computer simulations of solvation and chemical reactions at liquid interfaces, Acc. Chem. Res., 28 (1995) 233-9 L. R. Martins, M. S. Skaf and B. M. Ladanyi, Solvation dynamics at the water/zirconia interface molecular dynamics simulations, J. Phys. Chem. B, 108 (2004) 19687-97 J. Faeder and B. M. Ladanyi, Solvation dynamics in reverse micelles the role of headgroup-solute interactions, J. Phys. Chem. B, 109 (2005) 6732 10 W. H. Thompson, Simulations of time-dependent fluorescence in nano-confined solvents, J. Chem. Phys., 120 (2004) 8125-33. 

Neither Thompson nor Benjamin was ever apprehended both fled to England and remained there under the Crown s... 

Rumford, Count [Benjamin Thompson], An Inquiry Concerning the Source of the Heat which is Excited by Friction) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 88 (1798), pp. 80-102. 

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