Third-order nonlinear optical response

Up to now, many conjugated polymers have been found to possess large and very rapid third-order nonlinear optical response, which originates from the one-dimensionally delocalized ji-conjugation system along the polymer chain. Their application to the all optical signal processing devices has been expected. 

The development of highly active third-order nonlinear optical materials is important for all-optical signal processing. In contrast to second-order nonlinear optical molecular systems, there are few rational strategies for optimizing the third-order nonlinear optical response of molecular materials. Unlike second-order materials, there exist no molecular symmetry restrictions for the observation of a third-order nonlinear optical response. It is the instantaneous... 

Bredas JL, Adant C, Tackx P, Persoons A, Pierce BM (1994) Third-order nonlinear optical response in organic materials theoretical and experimental aspects. Chem. Rev. 94 243—278... 

Margulis, A.V., Sizikova, T.A. Theoretical study of third order nonlinear optical response of semiconductor carbon nanotube. Physica B, 245, 173-189 (1998)... 

An extremely useful feature of the third-order nonlinear optical response is the intensity-dependent refractive index, where the refractive index of the medium changes due to the interaction with a light beam. This optically-induced change in the refractive index is essential for all-optical switching applications. 

THIRD-ORDER NONLINEAR OPTICAL RESPONSE OF METAL NANOPARTICLES... 

Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Response of Metal Nanoparticles... 

Role of thermal effects in the third-order nonlinear optical response... 

In this chapter we have shown that the third-order nonlinear optical response of metal/dielectric nanocomposite media varies in a complex manner with many parameters. These parameters are difficult to control independently in experimental investigations. We have distinguished the roles respectively played by the local field enhancement and the metal particle intrinsic nonlinearity. We have highlighted the influence of different parameters, and emphasized the significant finks between optical properties and thermal effects. 

Palpant, B., Prot, D.. Mouketou-Missono, A.-S., Rashidi-Huyeh, M., Sella, C., Debrus, S. Evidence for electron thermal effect in the third-order nonlinear optical response of matrix-embedded gold nanoparticles. Proc. of SPIE 5221, 14-23 (2003)... 

Ballesteros, J.M., Solis, J., Serna, R., Afonso, C.N. Nanocrystal size dependence of the third-order nonlinear optical response of Cu Al2O3 thin films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 2791-2793 (1999)... 

Ma, G., Sun, W., Tang, S.-H., Zhang, H., Shen, Z., Qian, S. Size and dielectric dependence of the third-order nonlinear optical response of Au nanocrystals embedded in matrices. Opt. Lett. 27, 1043-1045 (2002)... 

Gao L., Li, Z.-Y. Third-order nonlinear optical response of metal dielectric composites. J. Appl. Phys. 87, 1620-1625 (2000)... 

J. L. Bredas, C. Adant, P. Tackx, A. Persoons, and B. M. Pierce, Chem. Rev., 94, 243 (1994). Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Response in Organic Materials Theoretical and Experimental Aspects. 

Burbridge, S.J., et al. 1995. The third order nonlinear optical response of a soluble form of polyisothianaphthene. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst Sci Technol Sect B Nonlin Opt 10 139. 

The terminally substituted diphosphines have also been used to prepare Au complexes (16-18, Chart 5.4) [37]. The metal does not shift the absorption maxima much relative to the free ligands however, dual emission is observed in the case of 17. This is attributed to emission from both monomer and an Au-Au bridged dimer, which is observed in the solid state. Several of the Pt and Pd complexes (19-24, Chart 5.4) have also been characterized crystallographically and some of these structures show k-k stacking interactions between thiophene rings in the solid state [38]. A third-order nonlinear optical response was obtained for the Pd and Pt complexes (21 and 24) using Z-scan measurements [39]. These complexes have nonlinear refractive index values of (—1.5 to —1.8) Hicks and co-workers have prepared a... 

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