Third-order nonlinear integrated optics

We have presented a review of the salient features of nonlinear integrated optics. It appears that nonlinear organic materials can play an important role in second- and third-order guided-wave devices. This field requires a great deal of material characterization and processing, however, before significant advances are realized. 

The optical properties of tellurites can also be modified at will with the addition of different elements [4], For instance, Na, Li, K, or Rb can be added to lower the refractive index from 2.1 down to 1.7. Addition of F- or I-based dopants can extend the mid-IR transmission. Ba and Li can improve the UV transmission. The third-order nonlinearity can also be increased around two to three times by adding W, Nb, Tl, etc. [13-15] or reduced by up to 0.3 by adding Al, Li, Na, etc. [2,14,16]. This degree of tailorability provides a great deal of flexibility for fiber and integrated device fabrication. 

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