Thiols functional group

Figure 9. The plot of the elasic modulus (GO as a function of the extent of reaction shows more clearly that once the elastic modulus is detected, it increases at a rapid rate. In fact, G increases by more than three orders of magnitude for less than 20% change in conversion of the thiol functional groups.

In the mitochondria, ONOO- can mediate damage to OXPHOS by nitrosylat-ing/oxidizing tyrosine or thiol functional groups, rendering catalytic inactivation of complex I [NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase], complex II [succinate ubiquinone oxidoreductase] and complex V (FI, FO-ATPase), thereby impeding ETC/ OXPHOS... 

Acetyltransferases catalyze the acetylation of amino, hydroxyl, and thiol functional groups. Acetylation of hydroxy and thiol groups is comparatively rare and of much less importance in alkaloid metabolism than reactions with amino functional groups. The types of amines that are acetylated include arylamines (the major route of metabolism in many species), aliphatic amines, hydrazines, sulfonamides, and the a-amino group of cysteine conjugates. The purification, physical properties, and specificity of the N-acetyltransfereases have been reviewed (116-118). 

By now you will realize that most of this molecule is there to allow interaction with the various enzymes that catalyse the reactions of coenzyme A. We will abbreviate it from now on as CoASH where the SH is the vital thiol functional group, and all the reactions we will be interested in are those of esters of CoASH. These are thiol esters, as opposed to normal alcohol esters , and the difference is worth a few comments. 

Stable adducts of nitric oxide and thiol functional groups Derive from low-molecular-weight and protein thiols Form only in the presence of oxygen in physiological systems Undergo transnitrosation reactions... 

Amphiphilic compounds also are used to constmct self-assembled monolayers on gold surfaces. The usual agents have a thiol functional group at one end to bind to the gold and a methyl group or some organic functional group at the other end. 

All eukaryotes and some prokaryotes such as cyanobacteria synthesize metal binding proteins— known collectively as metallothioneins—in response to high concentrations of several metals including Cd. These are cysteine-rich, low molecular mass polypetides whose thiol functional groups have high affinity for soft cations such as Cd " " [36], All plants, including phytoplankton, synthesize class... 

Ligands A, B, and C have similar chemical structures. They all carry an end thiol functional group (for attaching onto a gold surface of a QCM device), an alkane chain (to form the well-packed SAM ), and a triethylene glycol linker (to prevent nonspecific adsorption ). The resulting 1 1 mixed SAMs... 

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