Thick-gauge

Of course, under the same operating conditions, the higher the thickness the lower the stress level. Further tests were carried out to map the surface thickness distribution using an ultrasonic precision thickness gauge. It was so verified a deviation of the thickness up to 10% of the nominal value. 

The range of ultrasonic, eddy-current and magnetic defectoscopes, structuroscopes and thickness gauges for metals and coatings are continuously modernized. 

Stale of the art, 8 chapters inch 60 Fig.. Months with special focus on TOFD, Thickness Gauging, Aerospace, Power Generation... 

In landfills, vinyl wastes, like all plastics, are extremely resistant to decomposition. In fact, high technology landfills are often lined with thick-gauge vinyl and use PVC pipe to handle Hquid leachate and methane gas for environmental protection. 

Of all the piezoelectric crystals that are available for use as shock-wave transducers, the two that have received the most attention are x-cut quartz and lithium-niobate crystals (Graham and Reed, 1978). They are the most accurately characterized stress-wave transducers available for stresses up to 4 GPa and 1.8 GPa, respectively, and they are widely used within their stress ranges. They are relatively simple, accurate gauges which require a minimum of data analysis to arrive at the observed pressure history. They are used in a thick gauge mode, in which the shock wave coming through the specimen is... 

TUBE O.D. SIZE OUTSIDE DIAMETER INSIDE DIAMETER WALL THICKNESS GAUGE NUMBER 90°EIBOW 4S°ELBOW 180°RETURN ... 

Modern thickness-gauging instruments are portable, measuring thicknesses from 1 0 to 300-0mm to an accuracy of 0-1 mm. ... 

The tube thickness (gauge) is selected to withstand the internal pressure and give an adequate corrosion allowance. Steel tubes for heat exchangers are covered by BS 3606 (metric sizes) the standards applicable to other materials are given in BS 3274. Standard diameters and wall thicknesses for steel tubes are given in Table 12.3. 

The only lanthanide of which there is no stable isotope — they all decompose with half-lives between 2.6 and 17.7 years. Strong beta-emitters that are used industrially as thickness gauges. Also suitable as an additive for fluorescent materials. Produced artificially in kg amounts and serves as an energy provider for satellites in radionucleide batteries. Tiny batteries are long-term energy sources for pacemakers. 

Any instrument for measuring, e.g., pressure gauge, thickness gauge, strain gauge. 

These are unstable forms of elements which decay by the emission of radiation. A radioactive isotope of an element behaves chemically in the same way as the non-radioactive form, but its radiation may be detected and measured by a suitable instrument. In the rubber industry radioactive isotopes are used in beta ray thickness gauges, in studying the precise role of sulphur in vulcanisation, in the speedy determination of tread wear in tyres, etc. See Beta Rays. 

Early thickness control systems relied on the calender operator setting up the machine correctly by the use of hand-held thickness gauges, with the consequent slowness of response time during set-up and running before any desired modification to gauge could be achieved. It was usual to run the calender at a low speed to set-up the required dimensions for the product and then to speed up the... 

Food preservation, polymerization, sterilization of medical supplies, thickness gauges... 

ASTM-D 2794, units are in-lb, impact tester limit was 80 in.lb. ASTM-D 3363 < ASTM-D 3359,5B is 100% cross-hatch adhesion double rubs ASTM-D 522 ASTM-D 1400, General Electric thickness gauge type B, units are l/lOOO in. Sonset of transition, determined by DSC. 

The quartz oscillator coating thickness gauge (thin film controller) utilizes the piezoelectric sensitivity of a quartz oscillator (monitor crystal) to the supplied mass. This property is utilized to monitor the coating rate and final thickness during vacuum coating. 

The exposed samples were dip-developed in appropriate mixtures of methylethylketone and ethanol, rinsed in pure ethanol and finally postbaked above their respective Tg s for 1 hr. Film thicknesses were measured optically using a Nanometrics Nanospec/AFT microarea thickness gauge. Characteristic exposure response curves were plotted as normalized film thickness remaining vs. log dose (expressed in jtC/cm2). 

Many organizations rely heavily upon the use of a D-Meter. A D-Meter is a relatively inexpensive handheld digital display ultrasonic thickness gauge for determining the remaining thickness of vessel walls and piping. Ultrasonic wall-thickness measurements resemble radar or sonar in technique. A burst of ultrasound is emitted via a probe into a material and bounces off the rear wall. The time interval measured for this reflection to return is a measure of wall thickness. 

---