Thermoplastics, adhesives for

Tritolyl phosphate (TTP) has been examined as a pretreatment for E-glass in epoxide laminates and thermoplastic adhesives for bonding poly(vinyl chloride) to aluminum, steel to zinc, and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene to aluminum [59]. Mono- and diphosphate esters have been claimed to be suitable adhesion-promoting primers for acrylic adhesives on metal [60,61], unsaturated acid phosphates have been suggested as primers for use on metals to be bonded with free radical initiated adhesives [42], and thiopho-sphate esters have been suggested for adhesives to be used on plastics, ceramics, and metals [62]. 

The lower frequency creep or creep-rupture tests are time dependant. In these tests joints are subjected to a nominally constant load. The tests may proceed for a chosen time period, or may be continued until complete rupture occurs. For example, the durability of thermoplastic adhesives for nonstructural wood applications is classified in European standards EN 204 2001 and EN 205 2003 according to their ability to withstand various water treatments and relatively rapidly applied loads. However, an additional characteristic that can be specified is resistance to static load, which can be determined using the method described in EN 14256 2007. This method is used to determine the ability of a test piece bonded with a thermoplastic adhesive, to support a given load for up to 21 days without fracture or excessive distortion, and specifies a mean survival time of 14 days. 

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