Thermal oxidation of graphite

It is well known that for a given weight loss, thermal oxidation of graphite causes a larger reduction in strength and elastic modulus than radiolytic oxidation. Pickup et al. [78] showed the decrement in dynamic elastic modulus, E, due to thermal oxidation fitted an exponential relationship ... 

Thermal oxidation of graphite moderators is significant in several contexts. In the early air-cooled reactors the moderator temperature was low and hence the thermal oxidation rate was acceptable. However, the rate increased as the graphite became damaged by neutron irradiation. Moreover, the heat produced from the exothermic reaction... 

Starting natural graphite from Zavalie deposit in, Ukraine was chemically intercalated in sulfuric acid. Potassium persulphate was used as an oxidizer. Thermal expansion of graphite was performed at 900°C [3], Carbon content in the experimental samples was of about 99.0%. 

Fig. 1 TEM images of graphene obtained by (a) reductive pyrolysis of camphor (CG), (b) thermal exfoliation of graphitic oxide (EG), (c) thermal conversion of nanodiamond to grapbene (DG) and (d) arc evaporation of SiC (SG),...

McAllister Ml, Li J-L, Adamson DH, Schniepp HC, Abdala AA, Liu J, Herrera-Alonso M, Milius DL, Car R, Prud homme RK, Aksay lA (2007) Single sheet functionalized graphene by oxidation and thermal expansion of graphite. Chem Mater 19 4396 404... 

For as long as studies are carried out in which no more than the correspondence between the general level of reactivity and the total dislocation content is examined, little real advance will be accomplished in our understanding of the role of defects in chemical reactivity. An effort has to be made to characterize more fully the nature of the dislocations, and to exclude wherever possible effects which may arise from extraneous factors such as the presence of impurities. Quite clearly, model systems need to be investigated using techniques which readily reveal the presence and influence of the dislocations. In this subsection we shall concentrate, in detail, on three major model systems the oxidation of graphite, the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate, and the solid-state dimerization of anthracene. Related systems will also be discussed where appropriate. 

DBE-6 is an HTS offset steam tube rupture followed by steam generator dump and SCS cooldown. Thermal transient cooldown is essentially the same as AOO-l(A). Maximum local surface oxidation of graphite core support components is predicted to be 0.4 mm (0.016 in.) depth, well within the design corrosion allowance of 2 mm (0.08 in.). 

Oxygen has nevertheless been used successfully during thermal pretreatment of biological sample matrices to both facilitate decomposition of organic material and stabilize the analyte (aluminum, cadmium, lead, selenium) in oxide format active sites. However, the pretreatment temperature must be accurately controlled to prevent oxidation of graphite. 

Thermal purification of graphites usually has twofold purpose reducing the ash (inorganic oxides, such as SiCfe, AI2O3, FeaOs, etc.) content and removing most of the structural disorder in the material (e.g., turbostratic disorder where the consecutive graphene layers are planar and parallel with respect to each other but rotated. 

In this paper, we attempt to estimate the mechanism of the protective action of graphite in the thermal oxidation of PP by comparing the kinetics of PP oxidation and the loss of peroxy radicals monitored through the decay of PP chemiluminescence... 

---