Thermal conversion processes fluid coking

Coking a process for the thermal conversion of petroleum in which gaseous, liquid, and solid (coke) products are formed e.g., delayed coking (q.v.), fluid coking (q.v.). 

Direct Contact. There are several processes at various stages of development for conversion of heavy feedstocks to ethylene. These use various heat carriers and thereby avoid the problem of coke deposition in tubes which can be associated with thermally cracking residues by the more conventional route. This type of process is characterized by the use of moving beds, fluid beds, or gaseous heat carriers. Typical of these processes are the developments of Hoechst, Lurgi, BASF, Unde, etc. (4, 6). 

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