Theories of light

Loudon R 1983 The Quantum Theory of Light (Oxford Oxford University Press)... 

Orsay Liquid Crystal Group 1970 Theory of light soattering by nematios Liquid Crystais and Ordered Fiuids voH, ed J F Johnson and R S Porter (New York Plenum)... 

R. LoiidoQ, The Quamum Theory of Light, Oareadon ftess, Oxford, UK, 1983, p. 140,... 

Equations (10.17) and (10.18) show that both the relative dielectric constant and the refractive index of a substance are measurable properties of matter that quantify the interaction between matter and electric fields of whatever origin. The polarizability is the molecular parameter which is pertinent to this interaction. We shall see in the next section that a also plays an important role in the theory of light scattering. The following example illustrates the use of Eq. (10.17) to evaluate a and considers one aspect of the applicability of this quantity to light scattering. 

Other measurements important to visual air quality are pollutant related, i.e., the size distribution, mass concentration, and number concentration of airborne particles and their chemical composition. From the size distribution, the Mie theory of light scattering can be used to calculate the scattering coefficient (20). Table 14-2 summarizes the different types of visual monitoring methods (21). 

The refractive index of a substance is, of course, a relative expression, as it refers to a second substance, which, in ordinary determinations, is always the air. The term refractive index indicates the ratio of the velocities with which light traverses the two media respectively. This is, as is easily demonstrated by a consideration of the wave theory of light, identical with the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence, and the sine of the angle of refraction, thus—... 

The first known laser was made by Theodore Maiman at Hughes Research Laboratories in Malibu, California, in 1960, but the seeds of this breakthrough were planted years before. In 1917 Albert Einstein, through his work on the quantum theory of light, theorized that stimulated emission of light radiation could occur. The idea was forgotten, though, until the middle of the century. 

Feynman, R. P. (1985). QED The Stmngc Theory of Light und Matter. Princeton, NJ Princeton University Press. 

Dutch mathematician Christiaan Huygens first states his wave theory of light, published in Traite de la lumiere in 1690. 

Worrall had made similar claims regarding theories of light developed in the seventeenth century and in particular, the case of Fresnel whose dramatic and subsequently confirmed predictions had not been as influential as his accommodation of already known optical phenomena. Meanwhile, Stephen Brush had turned his attention to chemistry and the periodic table, given that this seemed to be a case for which successful predictions made by Mendeleev are widely held to have been the reason for the acceptance of the periodic... 

Rosenstock (55) pointed out that the initial formulation of the theory failed to consider the effect of angular momentum on the decomposition of the complex. The products of reaction must surmount a potential barrier in order to separate, which is exactly analogous to the potential barrier to complex formation. Such considerations are implicit in the phase space theory of Light and co-workers (34, 36, 37). These restrictions limit the population of a given output channel of the reaction com-... 

The wave theory for light provides a satisfactory explanation for these observations. It was, indeed, this very experiment conducted by T. Young (1802) that, in the nineteenth century, led to the replacement of Newton s particle theory of light by a wave theory. 

Kuhn, H. 1949. A quantum-mechanical theory of light absorption of organic dyes and similar compounds. J. Chem. Phys. 17 1198-1212. 

Loudon, R. The quantum theory of light, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1986... 

Some qualities of light are best explained if we describe it as consisting of moving particles, often called photons or quanta (called the particle theory of light). Other qualities are best explained if... 

Rayleigh,1902. Wave theory of light. In Scientific Papers by John William Strutt, Baron Rayleigh, vol. 3. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 47-189... 

Kelvin, Lord, Baltimore Lectures on Molecular Dynamics and the Wave Theory of Light. C. J. Clay and Sons, London, 1904, Appendix H, pp. 602-642. 

Lord Rayleigh (1871) recognized that the blue of the sky is the result of light scattering. It is obvious from the numerous pictures sent back from outer space that the blackness observed by astronauts is quite different from our earthly observations of a blue sky. Rayleigh developed the theory of light... 

ISIS Joseph Fraunhofer (1787-1826) exhibited his newest spectroscope before Counselor Utzschneider and Mr. Reichenbach, his partners in the glassworks and optical establishment at Benediktbenem. He discussed with them his latest researches on the diffraction of light which had led him to the discovery of grating spectra, the exact measurement of wave lengths, and a brilliant confirmation of tile undulatory theory of light. 

Fresnel, Augustin Jean (1788—1827). A French physicist noted for his work on optics, such as aberration of light, interference, wave theory of light, etc. He constructed the first practical "interferometer", which is used at present in modified form in Ordnance, such as "interferometric analysis of air flow about projectiles In free flight"... 

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