The link from energy supply to economic development

The energy supply challenge of sustainable economic development 3.2.1. The link from energy supply to economic development 

Poverty is not confined to rural populations living in a barter economy. Urban areas have become a magnet for the poor. Populations in over 35% of the more than a thousand urban concentrations in Asia, Africa, and South America are comprised of bottom of the pyramid consumers [2]. Rural-to-urban migrations are expected to continue, exacerbating the challenge the World Energy Council predicts that 80% of the world s population will live in cities by 2050 [3]. 

The global economic development challenge for the 21 century is to improve the lives of the world s poor, a majority of whom will be living in developing countries and a majority of those in urban slums of 15 000 people per hectare. 

Human development index (HDI) versus energy input per capita [5J. 

Economic development is the cure for poverty energy input fuels economic development and institutional arrangements that favour investment enable it to happen together they are the underlying drivers of economic development. A challenging goal for worldwide economic development could be to reach an energy input per capita of at least 4 toe/capita/year in all 

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