The Hooker Oxidation

The Hooker oxidation, a classical and historic example of which is the conversion of lapachol 1 

The Hooker oxidation was first described in 1936, a mechanism was proposed in 1948, and a recent labelling study has provided data in support of the 1948 mechanism. Thus, Hooker oxidation of the naphthoquinone 3 gave 4 in 72% yield. 

Deduce a mechanism for the Hooker oxidation which is consistent with the results of the labelling study. 

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The indanonediol acid (2), isolated as an intermediate in the Hooker oxidation of a 2-hydroxy-3-alkyl-l,4-naphthoqiiinone (1) to the next lower bomolog (3), can be... 

Other references related to the Hooker oxidation are cited in the literature." ... 

Fur the second step in Ihc Hooker oxidation,. see ( upper stilfiite-ulkiili. 

These processes perform the oxidation of hydrochloric add in situ. Their principle is similar to the one implemented to produce phenol from benzene by the Hooker/Raschig process (see Section 10.1.3). The first industrial ethylene oxychlorination plant was built by Dow in the United States in 1955. 

The reaction takes place at 430 C in the presence of a silicon catalyst. The process is named after German chemist Fritz Raschig (1863 1928). The Hooker-Raschlg process is a variation and uses a different type of catalyst. 2. A two-step process used for the production of hydrazine using the oxidation of ammonia with sodium hypochlorite in the presence of gelatine ... 

Hooker reaction. Oxidation of 2-hydroxy-3-alkyl-l,4-quinones with dilute alkaline permanganate with shortening of the alkyl side chain by a methylene group and simultaneous exchange of hydroxyl and alkyl or alkenyl group positions. 

The synthesis starts from the natural raw material manool, which is obtained by extraction from a tree growing in New Zealand, the so-called pink pine, Halocarpus biformis (Hooker) C.J. Quinn. Epoxidation of manool, subsequent oxidative degradation of the allylalcohol side chain to yield a ketone, and intramolecular acetalization afford the ketal [193d],... 

Hooker, J.M., Esser-Kahn, A.P., and Francis, M.B. Modification of aniUne containing proteins using an oxidative coupling strategy. Journal of the American Chemical Society 128,15558-15559,2006. 

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