Tetracyclines classification

Table 2. Classification and Distribution of Tetracycline Resistance Determinants in Microorganisms ...

Figure 1.6 Number of antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 inhabitants per antibiotic anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification in 13 European countries in 1997. In parentheses are the ATCs used by the WHO. Tet = tetracyclines, Pen = penicillin, Ex-Pen = extended-spectrum penicillins, B-Lac = (3-lactamase-sensitive penicillins. Cep = cephalosporins, TMP = trimethoprim (alone or in combination), Mac + Lin = macrolides and lincosamides, Mac = macrolides, Lin = lincosamides. Ami = aminoglycosides, and Qui = quinolone. The 13 countries are SP = Spain, GR = Greece, BG = Belgium, PR = Prance, PL = Portugal, IT = Italy, PI = Pinland, UK = United Kingdom, DE = Denmark, AU = Austria, GE = Germany, SW = Switzerland, and NL = Netherlands. (Based on data from Molstad et al., 2002.)...

Davies, D.L. and Clark, M.F. (1994). Maintenance of mycoplasmalike organisms occurring in Pyrus species by micropropagation and their elimination by tetracycline therapy. Plant Pathology, 43 819-823.Davis, R.E., Lee, I.M., Dally, E.L., Delwitt, N. and Douglas, S.M. (1988). Cloned nucleic acid hybridization probes in detection and classification of mycoplasma like organisms (MLOs). Acta Horticulturae, 234 115-122. 

A general limitation associated with broad-spectrum MIAs is the inconclusive nature of a positive test result. Without the use of a secondary diagnostic assay, it is difficult to attribute a positive response as being elicited by a specific antimicrobial class. More recently, post-screen classification methods selective for the most commonly detected antimicrobial classes (P-lactam, sulfonamide, and tetracyclines) have been described " in direct combination with the PremiTest assay applicable for a range of tissues, milk, egg, and honey. 

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