Tetra-n-propylammonium

Tetra-n-propylammonium bromide [1941-30-6] M 266.3, m >280 (dec). Crystd from e thyl acetate/EtOH (9 1), acetone or MeOH. Dried at 110° under reduced pressure. 

Tetra-n-propylammonium iodide [631-40-3] M 313.3, m >280 (dec). Purified by crystn from EtOH, EtOH/diethyl ether (1 1), EtOH/water or aqueous acetone. Dried at 50° under vacuum. Stored over P2O5 in a vacuum desiccator. 

Tetra-n-propylammonium perchlorate [15780-02-6] M 285.8, m 239-241°. See tetrapropyl-ammonium perchlorate on p. 483 in Chapter 5. 

Tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenate (TPAP, tetrapropyl tetraoxoruthenate) [114615-82-6] M 351.4, m 160"(dec). It is a strong oxidant and may explode on heating. It can be washed with aq n-propanol, then H2O and dried over KOH in a vac. It is stable at room temp but best stored in a refrigerator. It is sol in CH2CI2 and MeCN. [Dengel et al. Transition Met Chem 10 98 1985 Griffith et al. J Chem Soc, Chem Commun 1625 1987.] Polymer supported reagent is available commercially. 

Tetramethylpiperidine tetra-n-Propylammonium perruthenate Tolyl Trityl... 

R. Ciriminna and M. Pagliaro, Tailoring the Catalytic Performance of Sol-Gel-Encapsulated Tetra-n-propylammonium Perruthenate (TPAP) in Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols, Chem. Eur. J., 2003, 9, 5067. 

Tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenate also oxidizes sulphides to sulphones [45]. Yields are generally high for dialkyl sulphides and alkyl aryl sulphides, but lower for diaryl sulphides. 

Secondary nitro compounds are oxidized to the corresponding ketones in moderate yields by a catalytic amount of tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenate in the presence of N-methyImorpholine-A-oxide and a silver salt [46]. Oxidation with a stoichiometric amount of the ammonium perruthenate has also been reported [47]. 

Reductive y-lactone ring opening, with concomitant desilylation at the tertiary position by LiAlH4, gave triol 17 in 80% yield. Finally, acetonide formation followed by oxidation with tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenate/A-methylmorpholine / /-oxide oxidation, led to the target aldehyde 19 in 80% overall yield. 

After desilylation with tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride and oxidation with tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenate the dialdehyde 23 was obtained in 32% overall yield. 

The next important steps to the key intermediate 30 are outlined in Scheme 13.6.5. Monoacetylation of 24 followed by oxidation with tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenateW-methylmorpholine A -oxide, afforded regioselectively in 88% overall yield, ketoacetate 21. ... 

Unambigous structural confirmation was obtained by converting 53a to diol carbonate 56, which was independently synthesised from baccatin III. Selective deprotection of 53a with TBAF gave alcohol 54, which was oxidised with tetra-n-propylammonium perruthenate/)V-methylmorpholine A -oxide (CH2CI2, molecular sieves, 25 °C, 1.5 h) to ketone 55 in 86% overall yield from 53a. Deprotection (HF, pyridine, CH3CN, 96%) of gave diol carbonate 56, identical to the compound prepared from baccatin III. 

According to Stade electrolytic oxidation of l.l-dimethoxy-2.4.6-triphenyl-X -phosphorin 193 with tetra-n-propylammonium perchlorate serving as the electrolyte leads to the formation of a X -phosphorin radical cation 194 which is stable for several hours. Other l.l-hetero-X -phosphorins can be oxidized in the same manner to radical cations... 

Tetra-n-propylammonium iodide [631-40-3] M 313.3, m >280°(dec). Purified by crystn from... 

TPAP Tetra-n-Propylammonium Perruthenate Pr4N+Ru04 ... 

The data in Tables I-XVI (see Appendix for all tables) show the isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium results at the boiling point for potassium, ammonium, tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetra-n-propylammonium, and tetra-n-butylammonium bromides in various ethanol-water mixtures at fixed liquid composition ratios. The temperature, t, is the boiling temperature for all solutions in these tables. In all cases, the ethanol-water composition was held constant between 0.20 and 0.35 mole fraction ethanol since it is in this range that the most dramatic salt effects on vapor-liquid equilibrium in this particular system should be observed. That is, previous data (12-15,38) have demonstrated that a maximum displacement of the vapor-liquid equilibrium curve by salts frequently occurs in this region. In the results presented here, it should be noted that Equation 1 has been modified to... 

An examination of Figures 1-6 indicates that Equation 1 is valid under conditions of constant x for potassium, ammonium, and tetramethylammonium bromides in ethanol-water mixtures. All three salts show an ability to salt out ethanol from these mixtures (i.e., increase its concentration in the equilibrium vapor) which is verified by their k values shown in Table XVIII. Also, the results for tetra-n-propylammonium bromide and tetra-n-butylammonium bromide in ethanol-water mixtures reveal that Equation 1 can be used to predict the salt effects of these systems however, these two salts demonstrate a propensity to salt in ethanol (i.e., decrease its vapor concentration) in ethanol-water mixtures. On the other hand, Figures 7-9 and the data in Table XVIII reveal that Equation 1 cannot be used to correlate the salt effects of tetraethylammonium bromide in ethanol-water. For this system, a linear dependence of log aja vs. z is observed initially however, a gradual levelling off occurs at higher concentrations. 

Table XIV. Isobaric Vapor—Liquid Equilibrium Data for the Tetra-n-propylammonium Bromide—Ethanol—Water System at x = 0.206 (758 3 Torr)...

Table II. Standard Enthalpies of Solution in kj mol-1 Tetra-n-propylammonium Bromide, of Rubidium Chloride, and...

Complexes of general formula NiL2(NPr2)2 have been obtained by the reaction in ethanol-water mixture of the diol ligand and nickel(II) acetate in alkaline media (tetra-n-propylammonium hydroxide or ammonia).1600... 

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