Terrorism birds

Birds and other wildlife are nontarget species for insecticides (Schafer et al, 1983). Observations from the registered and illegal uses of insecticides show that insecticides could be used in acts of terrorism against a targeted wildlife population. 

Fig. 16.1 The Cenozoic volcanoes of southern Victoria Land include Mt. Erebus (3,794 m), Mt. Terror (3,230 m), and Mt. Bird (1,766 m) on Ross Island as well as Mt. Discovery (2,681 m) and Mt. Morning (2,728 m) south of the KoettUtz Glacier. Cenozoic volcanic rocks also form the Hut Point Peninsula on Ross Island and Minna Bluff which is embedded in the Ross Ice Shelf In addition, all of the islands in this area contain Cenozoic volcanic rocks including Black Island, White Island, and Beaufort Island. The volcanic rocks exposed on the volcanoes and associated islands in southern Victoria Land range in composition from basanites to phonoUtes (Adapted from Warren (1969) with information from LeMasurier (1990))...

The results summarized in this table reveal that the ages of rocks on Mt. Bird on Ross Island (Fig. 16.1) range from 3 to 4 Ma, while the lavas on Mt. Terror and on the Hut Point Peninsula crystallized between 0.5 and 2.0 Ma. The lavas that form the cone of Mt. Erebus are even younger at less than 0.1 Ma. The lavas in the Discovery subprovince range from less than 2 to 14 Ma and are in part older than the lavas exposed on Ross Island. 

Fig. 16.11 Ross Island consists of volcanic rocks that were erupted by the three principal volcanoes Mt. Erebus, Mt. Bird, and Mt. Terror. The island is separated from the mainland of Antarctica by McMurdo Sound where the sea ice breaks up in late December allowing cargo ships to dock at McMurdo Station on the southern tip of the Hut Point Peninsula. The south side of the island from Scott Base at the tip of the peninsula to Cape Crozier is in direct contact with the Ross Ice Shelf. Ross Island contains rookeries of Adelie penguins at...

The Cenozoic volcanic rocks of the Transantarctic Mountains are collectively referred to the McMurdo Volcanic Group. These rocks were erupted by volcanoes located in four volcanic provinces described in this chapter. The Erebus volcanic province includes Mt. Erebus, Mt. Terror, and Mt. Bird on Ross Island as well as Mt. Discovery and Mt. Morning on the mainland of southern Victoria Land. Volcanic rocks of Cenozoic age occur widely on the other off-shore islands as well as on Minna Bluff, the Brown Peninsula, the Royal Society Range, and the ice-free valleys. 

Diseases caused by old foes such as influenza always maintain the potential to initiate new pandemics of disease. Antivirals, unlike vaccines have the potential to act against new variants of old viruses and new viruses such as SARS [1,2], and the bird flu, and as interventions in biological terrorism. Additionally, a new climate appears to be emerging in which the acceptance of the risks inherent to vaccines is very low, the most recently casualty of this being the rotavirus vaccine [3]. 

---