Terpenoids regulation

Since carotenoids are derived for the central isoprenoid pathway (Fig. 13.3), the regulation of their formation must involve a co-ordinated flux of isoprenoid imits into this branch of the pathway as well as into others such as the biosynthesis of sterols, gibberellins, phytol and terpenoid quinones. An imderstanding of the complexities of regulation of the pathway is necessary in order to target the regulatory steps for genetic manipulation. 

Rodriguez-Concepcion, M. and Boronat, A., Elncidation of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis in hacteria and plastids a metabolic milestone achieved throngh genomics. Plant Physiol. 130, 1079, 2002. Rodriguez-Concepcion, M., Early steps in isoprenoid biosynthesis multilevel regulation of the supply of common precursors in plant cells, Phytochem. Rev. 5, 1, 2006. Eisenreich, W., Rohdich, F., and Bacher, A., Deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway to terpenoids, Trends Plant Sci. 6, 78, 2001. 

Grazer Induced Up-Regulation of the Terpenoid Level in Brown Algae. 205... 

That terpenoid metabolites can also be up-regulated in response to herbivory was demonstrated with the brown alga Dictyota menstrualis. The generalist amphipod Amphithoe longimana induced increased concentrations of the defensive diterpenes 65-67 in this alga, making it less palatable (Scheme 18). 

Geerlings A, Martinez-Lozano Ibanez M, Memelink J, van der Heijden R, Verpoorte R (2000) The strictosidine 6-D-glucosidase gene from Catharanthus roseus is regulated coordinately with other terpenoid-indole alkaloid biosynthetic genes and the encoded enzyme is located in the endoplasmic reticulum. J Biol Chem 275 3051-3056... 

Biosynthesis of a C16-terpenoid lactone, a plant growth regulator. Kakisawa, H. Sato, M. Ruo, T. Hayashi, T. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 1973,166-167. 

Several terpenoids, particularly those with a lactone moiety, have been examined for plant growth-regulating activity. Incidentally, several of these compounds exhibit anti-tumor and insecticidal activity. They are classified into mono-(CjQ), sesqui-(Ci5), di-(C2Q), tri-(Cgg) and tetraterpenes (C40) Some representative candidates among these classes possessing biological activity are as follows ... 

Regulation of the Terpenoid Indole Alkaloid Biosynthetic Pathway 111... 

MEIJER, A.H., VERPOORTE, R., HOGE, J.H.C., Regulation of enzymes and genes involved in terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus. J. Plant Res., 1993, Special Issue 3, 145-164. 

Goddijn, O.J.M. (1992) Regulation of terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis in Catha-ranthus roseus the tryptophan decarboxylase gene. Ph.D. Thesis, Leiden University. 

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