Tentacle ion exchangers

Fig. 6.7 TMAE analytical HPLC chromatogram, showing 260 nm absorbance traces of an non-in-fected cell harvest control (A) and adenovirus infected cell harvest sample (B). Chromatograms were generated using a HP 1100 system with a Fractogel EMD Tentacle Ion-Exchanger resin in a...

Figure 11.10. Schematic diagram of a hyper-diffusive (gel-fiUed gigaporous) particle (left), tentacle ion-exchanger interacting with a globular protein (middle), and a perftisive (diffusion-convection) particle (right).

The accessibility of the pore volume is just one side of the medal even with the lower accessible pore volume the Fractogei tentacle ion exchangers show a very high protein-binding capacity due to the fact that the tentacle network is very well able to bind charged molecules even if it excludes the noncharged marker molecules. 

Tsuneda, S., Saito, K., Furusaki, S. and Sugo, T. 1995. High-thoughput processing of proteins using a porous and tentacle ion exchange membrane. Journal of Chromatography A, 689,211-218. 

Compared with conventional type, the tentacle type exhibits a marked increase in selectivity. The results observed for preparative ion exchangers of tentacle type prompted the author to test this structural arrangement of the binding groups also for analytical materials based on porous silica. Figure 12 reveals that the tentacle-specific selectivity is fully preserved when the matrix is changed. 

Actinia cari. When an extract of the tentacles of this species was subjected to gel nitration, a single protein peak having hemolytic and lethal activities was obtained. Further fractionation by CM-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography yielded three well separated peaks (CTl, Cmi, Cmil) which appeared to be similar in biological activity (14). 

The colonial sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima responds with characteristic contraction to a pheromone released by wounded conspecifics. This alarm response is highly characteristic, includes rapid bending and shortening of the tentacles and depression of the oral disk. In 1975, by extensive ion exchange column chromatography, (3-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxy-A(A(Af-trimethyl)-l-propanaminium chloride (50) was isolated as a pure crystalline substance.116 It showed alarm pheromone activity with a median concentration of 0.35 nmol 1 1 and was named anthopleurine. Comparison of spectral data between natural and synthetic compounds revealed that anthopleurine had a structure of 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-threonic acid betaine hydrochloride.117... 

A further polymeric modification is the so-called tentacle type (Fig. 3.14c), where the polymer or oligomer does not encapsulate the bead. This stationary phase is useful for mild separation or purification of proteins by ion-exchange chromatography, as described by Muller (1986, 1990). Chang et al. (1985) and Chang and An (1988) reported a hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) variant where long, flexible side-chains can surround the proteins and thereby interact only with their hydro-... 

Figure 3.11 Presentation of ionic ligands on different ion-exchange type reins, (a) directly attached to the surface (b) tentacle type ion-exchange resin (c) enhanced flexibility tentacle resins.

Figure 3.13 Adsorption of dye labeled proteins on different ion-exchange sorbents (a) Fractogei EMD 503 (b) and (c) experimental Fractogei EMD S03 modifications with advanced tentacle flexibility.

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