Temperature determinations high pressure

To determine the surface area of a pigment, it is more common to enforce an adsorption process by working at low temperatures and high pressure and concentration than to rely on desorption, which can be brought about by reversing the conditions. 

Indeed, in developing complete mechanisms for the oxidation of CO and hydrocarbons applicable to practical systems over a wide range of temperatures and high pressures, it is important to examine the effect of the H02 reactions when the ratio is as high as 10 or as low as 0.1. Considering that for air combustion the total concentration (M) can be that of nitrogen, the boundaries of this ratio are depicted in Fig. 3.3, as derived from the data in Appendix C. These modem rate data indicate that the second explosion limit, as determined... 

Understanding the behavior of organic bases in solution requires some knowledge of their gas phase (intrinsic) basicities (proton affinities (PA)). These can be determined by ICR methods or by variable-temperature pulsed high-pressure mass spectrometry. Both methods afford basicities (termed thermodynamic vs. kinetic basicity), which have been compared in (91JOC179). 

There are four requirements for generation of natural gas hydrates (1) low temperature, (2) high pressure, (3) the availability of methane or other small nonpolar molecules, and (4) the availability of water. Without any one of these four criteria, hydrates will not be stable. As indicated in both the previous section and in Section 7.4.3, the third criteria for hydrate stability—namely methane availability—is the most critical issue controlling the occurrence of natural gas hydrates. Water is ubiquitous in nature so it seldom limits hydrate formation. However, the first two criteria are considered here as an initial means of determining the extent of a hydrated reservoir. 

The values of noui vere determined from the known mole fractions of benzene and toluene in the outlet streams and the calculated values of v and /il- We do not know the feed-stream pressure and so we assume that A// for the change from 1 atm to P/ced is negligible, and since the process is not running at an unusually low temperature or high pressure, we neglect the effects of pressure... 

Nitrated cellulose acetate has been prepared, and nucleophilic replacement of nitrate groups of cellulose nitrate with halides has been performed. Oxidative decomposition of cellulose nitrate into a water-soluble material may be brought about by aqueous digestion at high temperature and high pressures, and this finds particular application in the determination of small proportions of the sulfate in cellulose nitrate. A route for the replacement of nitric ester groups in cellulose nitrate by sulfuric ester groups has been reported. ... 

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